BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS

BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS

Megha Patnaik, Gianmarco De Santis

Obiettivi formativi

The course provides MSc students in Business Administration, Finance and Control with a systematic understanding of the theoretical and empirical foundations of behavioral economics, with a focus on applications in corporate finance, management, and management control. The course integrates standard finance training with insights from cognitive psychology and experimental economics, equipping students with analytical tools to understand and anticipate systematic deviations from rationality in financial markets, organizations, and managerial decision-making.

Risultati di apprendimento attesi

Knowledge and understanding: the student understands the main theoretical and empirical contributions of behavioral economics and their relationship with rational choice models; knows the cognitive mechanisms (heuristics, biases, dual process theory) that generate systematic deviations from rationality. Applying knowledge and understanding: the student can identify the impact of behavioral biases in investment decisions, managerial strategies, and incentive systems; can apply choice architecture principles to improve incentive design and corporate policies. Making judgments: the student critically evaluates the empirical robustness of behavioral findings and their implications for managerial and financial practice. Communication skills: the student can present and argue case analyses with reference to behavioral frameworks. Learning skills: the student is able to independently read and interpret research papers in behavioral economics applied to finance and management.

Contenuti Del Corso

MODULE 1 - FOUNDATIONS: Standard rationality and anomalies. Bounded rationality. Dual process theory. Experimental methodology. MODULE 2 - RISK, UNCERTAINTY AND JUDGMENT: Expected Utility Theory and Allais paradox. Prospect Theory and CPT. Heuristics and biases. Overconfidence. Ambiguity aversion. Present bias. MODULE 3 - BEHAVIORAL ORGANIZATIONAL ECONOMICS: Social preferences (Fehr-Schmidt). Reciprocity. Crowding out of intrinsic motivation. Principal-agent under bounded rationality. Behavioral negotiation. MODULE 4 - BEHAVIORAL CORPORATE FINANCE: Market anomalies and limits to arbitrage. Investor psychology. Managerial overconfidence in M&A. Short-termism. Behavioral capital structure. Earnings management. MODULE 5 - APPLICATIONS: ORGANIZATIONS, DESIGN AND ETHICS: Choice architecture and nudging. Default effects. Groupthink and escalation of commitment. Behavioral ethics and compliance. Case study.

Testi Di Riferimento

Required papers: Kahneman and Tversky (1979), Econometrica; Fehr and Schmidt (1999), QJE; Shleifer and Vishny (1997), Journal of Finance; Malmendier and Tate (2005, 2008), JF and JFE; Baker and Wurgler (2002), Journal of Finance; Madrian and Shea (2001), QJE; Graham, Harvey and Rajgopal (2005), JAE. Recommended reading: Kahneman (2011), Thinking, Fast and Slow; Thaler and Sunstein (2008), Nudge; Camerer, Loewenstein and Rabin, eds. (2004), Advances in Behavioral Economics; Barberis and Thaler (2003), Handbook of the Economics of Finance.

Metodologie Didattiche

The course combines frontal lectures, discussion of selected empirical papers, in-class experiments with data collection and analysis, and real-world business case discussions (Group Case Study). Sessions integrate theoretical frameworks with critical analysis of empirical evidence and direct managerial applications.

Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento

COMPLIANT STUDENTS (attendance ≥70% via BEACON system) 1. Continuous Assessment — 1/3 of final grade: Group Case Study. The Group Case Study accounts for the entirety of the Continuous Assessment component. In case of absence or withdrawal, the grade for this component is 0 and contributes to the final average. 2. Final Written Exam — 2/3 of final grade The combination of Continuous Assessment and Final Written Exam is valid exclusively in the exam sessions scheduled at the end of Semester 1. In all subsequent sessions, including retake sessions, the grade is based entirely on the Final Written Exam (100%). NON-COMPLIANT STUDENTS and STUDENTS EXEMPT FROM ATTENDANCE Final Written Exam — 100% of final grade: same format as above (open-book, 120 minutes, three sections). In addition, non-compliant and exempt students are required to prepare two supplementary papers assigned by the instructor at the start of the semester. GENERAL RULES Grade refusal is not permitted. Withdrawal during the exam is allowed.

Criteri per l’assegnazione dell’elaborato finale

Having passed the exam.

Settimana 1

MODULE 1. Course introduction. The homo economicus model and its empirical limits. Bounded rationality and satisficing (Simon 1955). Dual process theory: System 1 and System 2 (Kahneman 2003). Reading: Camerer and Loewenstein (2004), Behavioral Economics: Past, Present, Future. Simon (1955), A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice.

Settimana 2

MODULE 1. How to read an empirical paper in behavioral economics: experimental design, treatment and control, internal and external validity. In-class experiment with data collection and discussion. Reading: selected methodological readings available on Luiss Learn.

Settimana 3

MODULE 2. Expected Utility Theory: axioms and implications. The Allais paradox. Prospect Theory (Kahneman and Tversky 1979): reference dependence, loss aversion, probability weighting. Reading: Kahneman and Tversky (1979), Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk, Econometrica.

Settimana 4

MODULE 2. Cumulative Prospect Theory (Tversky and Kahneman 1992). Heuristics and biases: availability, representativeness, anchoring. Overconfidence: overestimation, overplacement, overprecision. Reading: Tversky and Kahneman (1974), Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases, Science.

Settimana 5

MODULE 2. Ambiguity aversion (Ellsberg 1961). Intertemporal choice: exponential vs. quasi-hyperbolic discounting. Present bias and procrastination. Implications for financial decisions. Reading: Laibson (1997), Golden Eggs and Hyperbolic Discounting, QJE. O'Donoghue and Rabin (1999), Doing It Now or Later, AER.

Settimana 6

MODULE 3. Social preferences: inequality aversion (Fehr and Schmidt 1999). Reciprocity (Rabin 1993). Trust game and ultimatum game. Implications for compensation system design. Reading: Fehr and Schmidt (1999), A Theory of Fairness, Competition, and Cooperation, QJE.

Settimana 7

MODULE 3. Crowding out of intrinsic motivation (Frey and Jegen 2001). Principal-agent under bounded rationality. Behavioral negotiation: anchoring, framing, reactive devaluation. Reading: Frey and Jegen (2001), Motivation Crowding Theory, Journal of Economic Surveys.

Settimana 8

MODULE 4. Financial market anomalies: value premium, size effect, momentum. Limits to arbitrage (Shleifer and Vishny 1997). Disposition effect (Shefrin and Statman 1985). Reading: Shleifer and Vishny (1997), The Limits of Arbitrage, Journal of Finance.

Settimana 9

MODULE 4. Investor psychology: overconfidence and excessive trading (Odean 1999; Barber and Odean 2001). Herding and home bias. Behavioral asset pricing. Reading: Barber and Odean (2001), Boys Will Be Boys, QJE.

Settimana 10

MODULE 4. Managerial overconfidence: overinvestment and M&A (Malmendier and Tate 2005, 2008). Short-termism and earnings pressure (Graham, Harvey and Rajgopal 2005). Reading: Malmendier and Tate (2008), Who Makes Acquisitions?, Journal of Financial Economics.

Settimana 11

MODULE 4. Behavioral capital structure and market timing (Baker and Wurgler 2002). Earnings management and behavioral accounting: cognitive biases in discretionary accounting choices. Group Case Study presentations (first session). Reading: Baker and Wurgler (2002), Market Timing and Capital Structure, Journal of Finance.

Settimana 12

MODULE 5. Choice architecture and nudging (Thaler and Sunstein). Default effects (Madrian and Shea 2001). Behavioral approach to organizations: groupthink, escalation of commitment, sunk cost fallacy. Behavioral ethics and compliance. Group Case Study presentations (second session) and final review. Reading: Madrian and Shea (2001), The Power of Suggestion, QJE.