MIGRATION AND REFUGEE POLICIES
Obiettivi formativi
Provide knowledge on global, European and Italian migration and asylum policies. Students will acquire instruments for understanding the challenges presented by "forced" and "voluntary"migratory movements and the present debate on the management of mixed migration. Interdisciplinary knowledge will be applied for the cross-road understanding of the climate change impact on migratory movements as well as the consequences of recent armed conflicts, e.g. in Ukraina and the Middle East.
Risultati di apprendimento attesi
Students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to a broad variety of socio-political scenarios on global, EU and national levels.They will obtain basic tools for professional work linked to migrants and refugees.They will have learned to make own judgements and to exress their informed opinions on questions raised in the political and scientific debate.Thanks to the participative didactic and stimulation to express own opninions, students will have matured communication skills and will be empowered to carry on further academic research.
Contenuti Del Corso
The migratory phenomenon: historical, sociological, political, economic and legal aspects. Causes of internal and international migration. Migration and Human Rights. The concept of refugees and the international protection system. Climate change, environmental migration, future scenarios. EU policies and contemporary challenges; New Pact of 2024. The Italian situation in the Mediterranean and EU contexts. Law and practice on Search and Rescue.
Prospects till 2030 and 2050.
Testi Di Riferimento
James C. Hathaway, The Law of Refugee Status, Buttersworths, 1991
Matthew Scott, Climate Change, Disasters and the Refugee Convention, Cambridge 2020
International Commission of Jurists; Migration and International Human Rights Law, Geneva 2011
Bernhard Ryan and Valsdamis Mitsilegas (eds),Extraterritorial Immigration Control, Leiden and Bosten 2010
C.Hein, Le politiche migratorie dell'Unione europea e il negoziato sul pacchetto migratorio, in:EUROPA - Tra presente e futuro, Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani, 2023; R.Bauboeck et.al., The ethics of migration policy dilemmas, in: Migration Studies, Vol.10,issue 3, Sept. 2022, pages 427-441; C.Hein, Rifugiati -30 anni di diritto d'asilo in Italia, Rome, 2010.
Metodologie Didattiche
Limited use of traditional frontal lecture with use of power point presentations; individual exercises; team works in sub-groups; role playing; case studies; stimulation to express own opinions and judgements.
Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento
Only oral exam.Weight attributed to it: 80%, 20% participation in classroom. No intermediate exams but "homework" in the mid-term exam week.
Criteri per l’assegnazione dell’elaborato finale
Oral presentation: knowledge of the issue; pertinence of answers to the question asked; concise and structured presentation; abilty to express and motivate own opinion.
Settimana 1
Presentation of the Syllabus. Query on expectations and thematic priorities of participants. Relevance and present debate on migration issues worldwide. Presentation of statistical data. Websistes IOM, UNHCR, OECD, EU Asylum Agency; Italy: Dossier Statistico Immigrazione 2025
Settimana 2
History of migrations from XV century.
Religious persecutions. Slave trade and demographic impact. European migrations torwards the Americas.Migration movements from Italy since 1830.
I.de Haan et.ali., Migration and Diaspora in Modern History, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0323.08; Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche, Emigrazione e presenza italiana in Argentina, , Rome 1992
Settimana 3
Migration and Human Rights. UN Conventions; European Human Rights Convention; EU Charta on Fundamental Rights. Principles of non-discrimination and non-refoulement. Protection of vulnerable groups, in particular children (New York Convention on the Right of the Child)
and victims of torture and sexual violence (UN Convention aginst Torture).
J.Bhabha, Child Migration and Human Rights in a Global Age, Princeton 2016; R. Appleyard, The Human Rights of Migrants, IOM in International Migration, Vol.38 (1), issue 3/2000
Settimana 4
Motivations to migrate. "Voluntary" and "forced"migration. Environmentally induced migration. Climate change impact. Internal and international displacement. Citizenship, ius soli and ius sanguinis. Diasporas. Remittances. Circular migration.
J.Dennison, Re-thinking the drivers of regular and irregular migratiion: evidence from the Euro-Mediterranean, ICMPD, 2022; M.Scott, Climate Change, Disasters, and the Refugee Convention, Cambridge 2020
Settimana 5
International governance of migration. The concepts""Migrations and Development" and "Global Approach".The 2018 Global Migration and Refugee Compacts. IOM, UNHCR and other international actors. International and interregional dialogue platforms. Cooperation of EU with third countries on migration.
Settimana 6
European migration scenario after WorldWar II.East-West and South-North migrations. Guest worker polcies. Impact of Cold War. Evolution from the Rome to Lisbon Treaty. The Schengen System.
Settimana 7
Evolution of the migration scenario in Italy, from emigration to immigration country. The turning point 1990. The different polcy approaches from 1998 to 2024. Regular and irregular immigration. Policy of "labour amnesty".
A.Scotto, From Emigration to Asylum Destination, Italy Navigates Shifting Migration Tides, Migration Policy Institute 2017. C.Hein (editor), Rifugiati: Vent'anni din storia del diritto d'asilo in Italia, Rome 2010.
Settimana 8
The refugee definition from the 1951 Geneva Convention to the present EU law and national practices. The debate on "climate refugees". Enlargement of the refugee concept in Africa and Latin America.
J.Hathaway, The Law Of Refugee Status, Toronto/Vancouver 1991; Climate Justice and Migration, A.N.Ahmad (ed), Berlin 2029; M.Scott, Climagte Change, Disasters and the Refugee Convention, Cambridge 2020
Settimana 9
The concept of asylum. History of asylum from ancient times to today. The EU Charta and national consitutions. Art.10 of the Italian Constitution. Global scenario of forced migration and internal displacement.
FRA, Handbook om European law relating to asylum, borders and immigration;
F.Cherubini, L'asilo dalla Convenzione di Ginevra al diritto dell'Unione Europea, Bari 2012; L.Minniti, Il nucleo e l'orbiatale del diritto costituzionaler d'asilio, in: E.Sciso(ed), oop.cit.
Settimana 10
Evolution of EU asylum policies.The Common European Asylum System. The "Dublin System". The concept of subsidiary protectioin. The 2015 "refugee crisis" and policy responses. The reform package of the 2024 New Pact. The notion of safe third countries. Temporary protection for Ucrainian refugees since March 2022. The debate on return of irregular migrants.
C.Hein, The Reform of the Dublin System between intra-EU solidarity ans national interests, in: E.Sciso (ed) I Flussi Migratori e le Sfide all'Europa, Turin 2020
Settimana 11
The case of Italy in the EU context:reception, asylum procedures, border procedures; detention of asylum seekers; remedies; integration; citizenship.
Treatment of unaccompanied minors. Changing policies between exlusion and inclusion. Agreements with Libya, Tunisia, Egypt, Albania.
C.Hein, Migratory Movements to anf from Libya, in: N.Ronzitti and E.Sciso (eds), I Conflitti in Siria e Libia, Turin 2028;
Settimana 12
The fundamental question: access to protection in EU. Visa policies. Limited legal entry possibilities. Irregular movements. Search and rescue in the Mediterranean; externalization policies. Labour market requirements. Demographic decline in Europe and USA. Future prospects.
Th.Gammeltoft-Hansen, Access to Asylum, Cambridge 2011; B.Ryan and V.Mitsilegas (eds), Extraterritorial Immigration Control, Leiden and Boston 2010