Obiettivi formativi
Provide knowledge on global, European and Italian migration and asylum policies. Students will acquire instruments for understanding the challenges presented by forced and voluntary migratory movements and the present debate on the management of mixed migration. Interdisciplinary knowledge will be applied for the crossroad understanding of the climate change impact on migratory movements as well as the consequences of recent armed conflicts, e.g. in Ukraina, Sudan and the Middle East. Students will obtain in-depth knowledge on the EU Pact on Asylum and Migration.
Prerequisiti
No specific prerequisites are required.
Risultati di apprendimento attesi
Students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to a broad variety of socio-political scenarios on global, EU and national levels.They will obtain basic tools for professional work linked to migrants and refugees.They will have learned to make own judgements and to expess their informed opinions on questions raised in the political and scientific debate.Thanks to the participative didactic and stimulation to express own opinions, students will have matured communication skills and will be empowered to carry on further academic research.
Contenuti Del Corso
The migratory phenomenon: historical, sociological, political, economic, legal and demographic aspects. Root causes of internal and international migration. Migration and Human Rights. The concept of refugees and the international protection system. Climate change, environmental migration, internal displacemen. EU policies and contemporary challenges; implementation of the EU Pact of 2024. The Italian situation in the Mediterranean and EU contexts. Law and practice on search and rescue. Prospects till 2030 and 2050.
Testi Di Riferimento
James C. Hathaway, The Law of Refugee Status, Buttersworths, 1991
Matthew Scott, Climate Change, Disasters and the Refugee Convention, Cambridge 2020
International Commission of Jurists; Migration and International Human Rights Law, Geneva 2011
Bernhard Ryan and Valsdamis Mitsilegas (eds),Extraterritorial Immigration Control, Leiden and Bosten 2010
C.Hein, Le politiche migratorie dell'Unione europea e il negoziato sul pacchetto migratorio, in:EUROPA - Tra presente e futuro, Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani, 2023; R.Bauboeck et.al., The ethics of migration policy dilemmas, in: Migration Studies, Vol.10,issue 3, Sept. 2022, pages 427-441.
Metodologie Didattiche
Limited use of traditional frontal lecture with use of power point presentations; team work in sub-groups and thematic group presentations; role playing; case studies; stimulation to express own opinions and judgements. At least one lecture from an external expert/testimony.
Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento
Only oral exam. Weight attributed to it: 80%, 20% participation in classroom/ group exercises. No intermediate exams but "homework" in the mid-term exam week.
Criteri per l’assegnazione dell’elaborato finale
Oral presentation: knowledge of the issue; pertinence of answers to the question asked; concise and structured presentation; abilty to express and motivate own opinions.
Settimana 1
Presentation of the Syllabus. Query on expectations and thematic priorities suggested by participants. Relevance and present debate on migration issues worldwide. Micro- and macro approaches for the understanding of the migration phenomenon. Presentation of statistical data. Websistes IOM, UNHCR, OECD, EU Asylum Agency. C.Hein, Online Glossary of Terms Relating to Migration and Asylum.
Settimana 2
History of migrations from XV century.
Religious persecutions. Slave trade and demographic impact. European migrations torwards the Americas.Migration movements from Europe as from 1830.
I.de Haan et.ali., Migration and Diaspora in Modern History, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0323.08;
Settimana 3
Migration and Human Rights. UN Conventions; European Human Rights Convention; EU Charta on Fundamental Rights. Principles of non-discrimination and non-refoulement. Protection of vulnerable groups, in particular children (New York Convention on the Right of the Child); victims of torture and sexual violence (UN Convention aginst Torture) and victims of trafficking of human beings.
J. Bhabha, Child Migration and Human Rights in a Global Age, Princeton 2016; R. Appleyard, The Human Rights of Migrants, IOM in International Migration, Vol.38 (1), issue 3/2000
Settimana 4
Individual motivations to migrate. "Voluntary" and "forced"migration. Environmentally induced migration. Climate change impact. Internal and international displacement. Citizenship, ius soli and ius sanguinis. The role of diasporas. Remittances. Circular migration. EU Blue card system and incentives for immigration of high-skilled migrants. Family-driven migration and EU family reunification policies.
J.Dennison, Re-thinking the drivers of regular and irregular migratiion: evidence from the Euro-Mediterranean, ICMPD, 2022; M.Scott, Climate Change, Disasters, and the Refugee Convention, Cambridge 2020
Settimana 5
International governance of migration. The concepts""Migrations and Development" and "Global Approach”. 2018 Global Migration and Refugee Compacts. IOM, UNHCR and other international actors. International and interregional dialogue platforms. Cooperation of EU with third countries on migration. Externalization policies. Inter-regional dialogues on migration.
Settimana 6
European migration scenarios after WorldWar II. East-West and South-North migrations. Guest worker policies. Impact of Cold War. Evolution of the EU from Rome to Lisbon Treaties and to the 2024 New Pact. The Schengen System.
Settimana 7
Evolution of the migration scenario in Italy and other Mediterranean EU countries from emigration to immigration. The turning point 1990. The different policy approaches from 1998 to 2026. Regular and irregular immigration. Policies of "labour amnesty".Effects of being “front-line States”.
A. Scotto, From Emigration to Asylum Destination, Italy Navigates Shifting Migration Tides, Migration Policy Institute 2017. C.Hein (editor), Rifugiati: Vent'anni di storia del diritto d'asilo in Italia, Rome 2010.
Settimana 8
The refugee definition from the 1951 Geneva Refugee Convention to the present EU law and national practices. The debate on "climate refugees". Enlargement of the refugee concept in Africa and Latin America. The concept of subsidiary protection in the EU. National humanitarian protection schemes.
J. Hathaway, The Law of Refugee Status, Toronto/Vancouver 1991; Climate Justice and Migration, A.N.Ahmad (ed), Berlin 2029; M.Scott, Climate Change, Disasters and the Refugee Convention, Cambridge 2020
Settimana 9
The concept of asylum. History of asylum from ancient times to today. The EU Charta and the right to asylum in national constitutions. Global scenario of forced migration and internal displacement. Asylum and the principle of non-refoulement.
FRA, Handbook om European law relating to asylum, borders and immigration;
F. Cherubini, L'asilo dalla Convenzione di Ginevra al diritto dell'Unione Europea, Bari 2012; L. Minniti, Il nucleo e l'orbiatale del diritto costituzionaler d'asilio, in: E. Sciso(ed), oop.cit.
Settimana 10
Evolution of EU asylum policies. The Common European Asylum System. The "Dublin System" and the recent EU solidarity schemes. The 2015 "refugee crisis" and policy responses. The reform package of the 2024 New Pact. The notion of safe third countries and safe countries of origin. Temporary protection for Ucrainian refugees since March 2022. The debate on return of irregular migrants.
C.Hein, The Reform of the Dublin System between intra-EU solidarity ans national interests, in: E.Sciso (ed) I Flussi Migratori e le Sfide all'Europa, Turin 2020
Settimana 11
Asylum procedures, border procedures; detention of asylum seekers; remedies; integration; citizenship.
Treatment of unaccompanied minors. Changing policies between exlusion and inclusion. Agreements with Libya, Tunisia, Egypt, Albania. The role of Frontex and EUAA.
C. Hein, Migratory Movements to anf from Libya, in: N. Ronzitti and E. Sciso (eds), I Conflitti in Siria e Libia, Turin 2018;
Settimana 12
The fundamental question: access to protection in EU. Visa policies. Limited legal entry possibilities. Resettlement and humanitarian corridors. Irregular movements. Search and rescue in the Mediterranean; externalization policies. Labour market requirements. Demographic decline in Europe and USA. US migration policies from 2025. Future prospects.
Th.Gammeltoft-Hansen, Access to Asylum, Cambridge 2011; B.Ryan and V.Mitsilegas (eds), Extraterritorial Immigration Control, Leiden and Boston 2010