BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

Daniele Mascia

Instructional goals

The course aims to provide theoretical knowledge and methodological tools for the analysis and design of the organizational architecture. Particularly, it aims: -to develop competencies for the design of an effective organizational structure, according to strategy, objectives and environmental context; -to facilitate the understanding of the criteria and the relevant internal and external fundamentals of organizational design; -to deepen the organizational macro and micro dimensions through the analysis of structures and models, behavioral processes and organizational culture; -to stimulate analytical and problem-solving skills applied to the identification, analysis and resolution of organizational problems through the use of business cases.

Intended learning outcomes

Knowledge and understanding: The course will offer conceptual tools to design organizations in a global and complex environment. This course provides knowledge and analytical resources that will enable students to understand the processes, content and consequences of organizational decisions to be implemented in organizations of different size and complexity. Applying knowledge and understanding: The students will be able to: -apply organization models on a global scale; -compare pros and cons of each organizational choice; -analyze how and why organizations make decisions to face an evolving environment; -apply foundations of business research Making judgements: We expect students to be able to identify organizational issues, analyze them and propose solutions. They are expected to be able to discuss and evaluate key organizational choices. Throughout the whole course, students will be invited to critically analyse when, how and why certain organizational choices are pursued. Communications Skills: This course will give the students the possibility to acquire and understand major terms and concepts in order to communicate their ideas, proposals and analysis in the field of organization design. Learning skills: This course will empower learners giving them the tools to determine why certain organizational choices are made and how different alternatives are assessed. The case study discussion will increase experiential learning and critical thinking for all students involved in the course.

Course Contents

The course assumes the organization as the object of study and explores the fundamentals of design and analysis of both macro and micro-organizational structure. The course initially provides an overview of the dimensions of organizational design and the theoretical fundamentals of the various organizational design options. The main classical and modern organizational theories are presented and the determinants and criteria for defining organizational structure are analyzed. Further, the course focuses on the different organizational models that can be implemented, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of the different options. Additional aspects are then analyzed, such as the management of innovation and organizational change, the impact of technology on organization, systems and processes, culture and organizational relationships. Finally, the course introduces the topics of the organization of work and the micro-structural design.

Reference Books

Daft R.L., Organizzazione Aziendale (2021) 7^ ed., Maggioli - Apogeo. Slides and other teaching material available online or distributed in classroom. Additional material for not-attending students: - Correani et al. (2020) Implementing a Digital Strategy: Learning from the experience of three DigitaL transformation projects. California Management Review Vol. 62(4) pp. 37–56; - Malhotra et al. (2017) Developing Innovative Solutions Through Internal Crowdsourcing. MIT SLoan Management Review, Vol. 54(4) pp. 73-79. - Podolny & Hansen (2020) How Apple Is Organized for Innovation. Harvard Business Review, Novembre-December 2020.

Teaching Methods

During the course, the following teaching methods will be applied: -lectures -individual assignment -working groups -case studies -keynote speakers’ presentations on real life experiences -presentations and assignment -introduction to critical discussion of scientific papers Teaching activities integrate face-to-face lectures with the analysis of business cases performed by both the instructor and the students, and keynote speakers’ presentations. Students will be required to join practical training sessions and analyze or discuss, individually or within small groups, case studies focused on the resolution of organizational problems and the definition of the different organizational configurations that can be adopted in different strategic and environmental contexts. These sessions are useful to evaluate student's ability to put into practice the methods of organizational design and analysis acquired during the lectures. Live case discussions will also be planned. Managers will be invited to interact with students on organizational issues experienced in the field. In addition, the institutional e-learning platform (https://learn.luiss.it/) will be adopted to support students and give them the opportunity to interact online with colleagues and professorship collaborators, as well as allowing access to the multimedia teaching material available online.

Assessment Method

Assessment of learning will take place through the following two components: 1) Lab-based assessments • The aim of the lab-based assessments is primarily to evaluate students’ ability to apply the knowledge and skills acquired to business cases. • Lab activities contribute a total of 50% to the final grade, divided as follows: o 25% obtained through an individual midterm assessment o 25% related to the development of a project • The format of the midterm assessment and the project will be explained by the instructor at the beginning of the course. • The scores obtained in the lab-based assessments are valid for the entire academic year (until February 2027), but can be used only once and exclusively if the final exam is passed (grade ≥ 18/30). • If the student does not pass the final exam (grade < 18/30), the scores obtained in the lab activities will also be forfeited. • To avoid losing this evaluation, students have the option to withdraw from the final exam. 2) Final exam: written + oral • The objective of the written exam is to allow students to demonstrate that they have acquired the fundamental theoretical knowledge of the course and can apply it to practical cases, showing critical thinking and independent judgment. • For students who have completed the lab-based assessments, the written exam (duration: 30 minutes) will consist of: o a case to be discussed o a set of multiple-choice and open-ended questions • For students who have not completed the lab-based assessments, or who have not obtained a sufficient evaluation, additional study material is required (as indicated in the relevant section on MyLuiss). In this case, the written exam will last 45 minutes and will include a larger number of questions. • The written exam may be administered in paper-based, electronic format, or with the support of AI tools. The mode of administration will be communicated by the instructor and published on MyLuiss at the beginning of the course. • A written exam deemed satisfactory by the instructor may exempt the student from the oral exam. • The oral exam may be required if further assessment is needed for individual evaluation. • An उत्कृष्ट performance in the lab-based assessments, a fully correct written exam, and a particularly effective oral discussion may result in the awarding of 30/30 cum laude.

Thesis assignment criteria

Master Thesis assignment is based on a project presentation by the student. The project (2/3 word pages) must include: - table of content - abstract - main references

Week 1

Session 1 Overview of the course The organization: core concepts and definition Session 2 Organizational Design Session 3 Introduction to project work/OD lab and case studies discussion References: Daft, R.L Organizzazione Aziendale, Ch. 1 Material presented during the session, available online

Week 2

Session 1 Strategy, organizational design and effectiveness Session 2 Fundamentals elements of the organizational structure Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft, R.L Organizzazione Aziendale, Ch. 2- 3 Material presented during the session, available online

Week 3

Session 1 The external environment Session 2 Interorganizational relationships Session 3 OD lab References: Daft, R.L Organizzazione Aziendale, chapter 4 and chapter 5 Material presented during the session, available online

Week 4

Session 1 Designing organizations for the international environment Session 2 Case Study Discussion Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft - chapter 6 Material presented during the session, available online

Week 5

Session 1 The social impact of organizational design Session 2 Organizational design for manufacturing and service firms Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft – chapter 7 and chapter 8 Material presented during the session, available on line

Week 6

Session 1 Organizational design for digital business and big data Session 2 Case Study Discussion Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft – chapter 9 Material presented during the session, available on line

Week 7

Sessioni OD Lab Project works due

Week 8

Session 1 Organization size, life cycle, and decline Session 2 Organizational culture and control Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft – chapter 10 and chapter 11 Material presented during the session, available on line

Week 9

Session 1 Innovation and change Session 2 Case Study Discussion Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft – chapter 12 Material presented during the session, available on line

Week 10

Session 1 Decision making processes Session 2 Case Study Discussion Session 3 OD Lab References: Daft – chapter 13 Material presented during the session, available on line

Week 11

Session 1 Conflict, power, and politics Session 2 Case study discussion Session 3 Project work presentations (slot 1) References: Daft –chapter 14 Material presented during the session, available on line

Week 12

Session 1 Project work presentations (slot 2) Session 2 Project work presentations (slot 3) Session 3 Course wrap up and conclusions