Instructional goals
The course provides students with in-depth insight into different areas of Operations and Supply Chain Management, emphasizing real-world problems that companies face in the global market. The syllabus covers different types of Operations Management algorithms and methods that are helpful for decision-making and problem-solving in the field of International Operations and Supply Chain Management.
Prerequisites
Students are expected to have:
- Basic knowledge in applied statistics and quantitative methods.
- Basic knowledge in Economics, including: economies of scale and scope, learning experience curve, marginal and variable costs, basic market structures (perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly).
- Basic corporate organization principles, including: key functional areas (marketing, finance, operations, HR), understanding of Profit & Loss and Balance Sheet.
Intended learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding: Students will understand how to approach Operations and Supply Chains in an international setting, including global reshuffling, physical flows, transportation and warehousing economics, network design, capacity management, forecasting, inventory management, and production scheduling.
Applying knowledge and understanding: Students will be able to use different methods and algorithms to solve various problems in Operations and Supply Chain Management, applying data-driven decision making for models and real-world scenarios.
Making judgements: Students will acquire the ability to independently analyze different aspects of supply chain operations, evaluate trade-offs in network design, and identify proper solutions for logistic and industrial problems.
Communication skills: Students will be able to present case analyses, work in groups on projects and simulations, and communicate findings using proper technical terminology.
Learning skills: The knowledge acquired during the course will enable students to independently understand and interpret developments in global supply chain management, logistics technologies, and operational strategies.
Course Contents
The course covers the following topics:
1. Introduction to International Operations and Supply Chain Management: core concepts, terminology, global context and megatrends.
2. Logistic and Industrial Global Footprint: supply chain design, key economics (warehousing, long haul, middle mile, last mile deliveries), physical footprint decisions.
3. Managing Global Supply Chain: hands-on use of the GSC simulation covering product design, forecasting, production, and procurement in a global setting.
4. Production Planning and Capacity Allocation: production organization, long-term and short-term planning, capacity economics, procurement strategies.
5. Inventory Management: the classic newsvendor model, service level, multi-period inventory management.
6. Network Design and Responsive Supply Chains: proximity to customers, flexibility, delayed differentiation, read-react capability.
7. Global Logistics: Sustainability and Tariffs: sustainability in global logistics, impact of tariffs on sourcing and network design.
8. Technologies in Warehousing and Last Mile Deliveries: automation, robotics, last mile innovation, and machine learning applications in operations.
Reference Books
Several references will be suggested during the course including book chapters, papers, datasets, simulations, games, and business cases. These references will be made available in the description of each weekly session.
Slides and other teaching materials are available on Luiss Learn.
The course makes use of two simulations:
- Benihana simulation: a restaurant operations management simulation used to develop hands-on intuition on production, capacity, and service-level decisions (Weeks 3-4).
- Global Supply Chain (GSC) simulation: a multi-round individual simulation covering product design, forecasting, and global production and procurement decisions (Weeks 6-8).
Teaching Methods
The course adopts a multi-format active learning approach designed to develop both analytical and professional skills:
1. Lectures: Conceptual frameworks and quantitative methods are introduced in each session, with emphasis on real-world applicability.
2. Case studies and multimedia materials: Each week features case studies, short videos, and exercises drawn from real company experiences in international operations and supply chain management. Students are expected to prepare assigned materials before class.
3. Simulations: The course includes two simulations:
- Benihana simulation: a restaurant operations simulation developing intuition on production, capacity, and service level decisions (Weeks 3-4).
- Global Supply Chain (GSC) simulation: a multi-round individual simulation on product design, forecasting, and global production decisions (Weeks 6-8).
4. Group project: Teams conduct independent research analyzing the impact of a specific technology or tariff policy on an industry or company of their choice, producing a written paper of maximum 15 pages.
5. Class participation: Students are encouraged to engage actively through questions, peer discussion, and one-to-one interaction with the professor.
Preparation requirement: Assigned materials should e read before each class. Materials and preparation questions are available on Luiss Learn.
Assessment Method
The course follows the SMART educational model adopted by Luiss Graduate School for the 2025/2026 cohort onward. Assessment varies based on attendance status, recorded via the BEACON system.
COMPLIANT STUDENTS (>=70% attendance):
Continuous Assessment – 1/3 of the overall grade:
Mandatory in-semester activities. Absence from any activity results in a grade of 0 for that component, included in the overall grade. The grade obtained cannot be rejected. Activities and relative weights within the 1/3:
- Group Project: written paper on the impact of a technology or tariff on an industry/company. Max 15 pages. Evaluated on comprehension, technical language, critical analysis, and argumentation quality. Plagiarism checks applied.
- Simulations: engagement and results in the Benihana simulation (two rounds + one-pager) and GSC simulation (three rounds + one-pager). Performance KPIs communicated at the start of the course.
- Class participation (20% of continuous assessment): attendance and active engagement in discussions, Q&A, and one-to-one interaction.
Final Exam – 2/3 of the overall grade:
Individual written exam at the officially scheduled end-of-semester dates. Format: multiple-choice questions, open-ended questions, and optional extra-credit questions. The grade obtained cannot be rejected.
Note: The continuous assessment + final exam combination is valid only in the end-of-semester exam session. In retake sessions, assessment is based on the final exam only (100%). The grade obtained cannot be rejected.
NON-COMPLIANT AND/OR EXEMPTED STUDENTS:
Final Exam only – 100% of the overall grade: individual written exam of at least 4 hours, covering all course material (slides, cases, exercises, chapters). Format: open questions, multiple choice, exercises, and logical problems. The grade obtained cannot be rejected.
GRADE WITHDRAWAL:
- Oral exam: withdrawal allowed until the professor expresses a grade, prior to registration on Web Self-Service.
- Written exam followed by oral: withdrawal permitted during the written exam or the subsequent oral exam.
- Written exam only: withdrawal permitted until the end of the exam.
Note: "Salto d'appello" no longer applies from the 2025/2026 cohort onward. Grades cannot be rejected.
Thesis assignment criteria
Students are welcome to pursue their final dissertation in the area of International Operations and Global Supply Chain Management.
A solid proposal is a key to formalizing the thesis process. Proposals should include:
- A clear storyline and research hypothesis
- A specific focus and main arguments
- Grounding in real company or industry data
- A methodology for applying quantitative and/or qualitative methods to an operational problem
Priority in supervision is given to proposals that:
1. Address emerging or unresolved challenges in global supply chain management
2. Combine data-driven analysis with strategic or operational management frameworks
3. Build on topics or cases covered during the course
Eligibility: Students must have completed the course with a satisfactory grade. Please consult the professor for minimum grade requirements.
For further information or to submit a proposal, please contact the professor during office hours or via institutional email.
Week 1
Topic: Introduction to International Operations and Supply Chain Management
Session Overview:
This introductory session establishes the conceptual foundations of Operations and Supply Chain Management in a global context. Core concepts and terminologies are introduced along with the main types of supply chains (serial, outbound, inbound). The session covers ABC supplier and negotiation principles, transportation key economics, and provides an overview of the technologies and megatrends reshaping global supply chains. Globalization and de-globalization dynamics are discussed, including reshoring, friendly shoring, and the managerial implications of tariffs.
Key Topics:
- Types of supply chains and their key characteristics
- ABC supplier classification and negotiation principles
- Transportation and logistics economics: overview
- Globalization, de-globalization, reshoring, and tariff effects on decisions
- Megatrends reshaping global operations and supply chains
Deliverables:
Students complete a background form (interests, skills, experience) used by the professor to form diverse teams for group assignments throughout the course.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 2
Topic: Logistic and Industrial Global Footprint (Part I)
Session Overview:
This session introduces the economic and strategic logic behind supply chain design decisions. Students examine the objectives and trade-offs involved in designing a physical supply chain footprint, including warehouse location, transportation modes, and the economics of long haul, middle mile, and last mile deliveries. A restaurant case study is distributed and discussed in class to illustrate real-world supply chain design principles.
Key Topics:
- Supply chain design: objectives and key trade-offs
- Economic impact of supply chain decisions on companies and customers
- Key economics: warehousing, long haul, middle mile, last mile deliveries
- Physical footprint decisions: centralization vs. decentralization
Case Material:
Oldani case – students are required to read the case before class. Open class discussion.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 3
Topic: Logistic and Industrial Global Footprint (Part II) + Benihana Simulation – Run 1
Session Overview:
This session deepens the analysis of the global logistic footprint, focusing on proximity to customers and operational flexibility. Responsive supply chain strategies, including delayed differentiation and read-react capability, are introduced. Students complete the first run of the Benihana simulation, which provides hands-on experience in production and capacity decision-making.
Key Topics:
- Physical footprint design: degree of proximity to customers
- Degree of flexibility in supply chain networks
- Responsive supply chains: delayed differentiation, read-react strategies
- Benihana simulation mechanics and decision logic
Deliverables:
- First run of the Benihana simulation (pass/no pass at individual level). A no-pass result implies a deduction from the simulation grade component.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 4
Topic: Production Planning and Capacity Allocation (Part I) + Benihana Simulation – Run 2
Session Overview:
This session introduces production planning and capacity allocation as core operational decisions. Topics include production organization models, long-term capacity planning and its key economics, and an initial overview of procurement strategies. Students complete the second and fully graded run of the Benihana simulation, followed by a group one-pager deliverable evaluating performance.
Key Topics:
- Production organization and capacity planning models
- Long-term production planning: key economics
- Introduction to procurement strategies
- Reading and interpreting simulation results using KPIs
Deliverables:
- Second run of the Benihana simulation (fully graded).
- Group one-pager on Benihana: decision rationale, expected vs. actual results, KPI analysis (Revenue as primary KPI). Deadline communicated at course start.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 5
Topic: Production Planning and Capacity Allocation (Part II)
Session Overview:
This session deepens the analysis of production planning, focusing on short-term planning decisions and their economic implications. Procurement strategies are examined in greater depth, with emphasis on how production and procurement interact in global supply chains. Case material and video content illustrating production and logistics decisions at scale are presented in class.
Key Topics:
- Short-term production planning: key economics and decision logic
- Procurement strategies: make-or-buy, supplier selection, lead time management
- Interaction between production planning and procurement in global supply chains
- Case discussion: large-scale logistics network management
Case Material:
Material (cases, videos, exercises) will be distributed in class.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 6
Topic: Managing Global Supply Chain – Simulation Introduction and First Dry Run
Session Overview:
This session introduces the Global Supply Chain (GSC) simulation, which students use over several weeks to experience the complexity of managing a multi-stage global supply chain. The session covers simulation mechanics, including product design decisions, the forecasting room, the production room with procurement strategies, and how to read and interpret results. Students must enroll individually before this session.
Key Topics:
- GSC simulation structure and mechanics
- Product design and demand forecasting in a global supply chain
- Production room: procurement and production decisions
- Reading simulation results and identifying key performance indicators
Deliverables:
- Individual enrollment in the GSC simulation required before class.
- First dry run of the GSC simulation (practice round).
Reference Material:
Simulation enrollment instructions and required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 7
Topic: Managing Global Supply Chain – Simulation Second Dry Run + Technologies in Warehousing
Session Overview:
This session continues with the second dry run of the GSC simulation while also introducing the evolving landscape of warehousing technologies and last-mile delivery challenges. Case material on major retail and logistics operations illustrates how technology is reshaping physical distribution networks, warehouse automation, and customer fulfillment strategies.
Key Topics:
- GSC simulation: second dry run and performance review
- Warehouse technologies: automation, robotics, warehouse management systems
- Last mile delivery challenges and emerging technological solutions
- How technology changes warehouse economics and fulfillment speed
Case Material:
Material on major retail logistics operations will be distributed in class.
Deliverables:
- Second dry run of the GSC simulation.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 8
Topic: Global Logistics – Sustainability and Tariffs + GSC Simulation Final Run
Session Overview:
This session examines the sustainability challenge in global logistics and the strategic implications of tariffs and trade policy on supply chain network design. Students also complete the final, fully graded run of the GSC simulation. Teams are formed for the group project and asked to select a technology or tariff focus and an industry or company for their final deliverable.
Key Topics:
- Sustainability in global logistics: carbon footprint, ESG in supply chain
- Impact of tariffs on global logistics, sourcing, and network design decisions
- Trade policy and reshoring from a supply chain management perspective
Deliverables:
- Final run of the GSC simulation (fully graded).
- Teams finalized and communicated; group project topic selected (technology/tariff focus and industry/company). Topic confirmed by end of following week.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 9
Topic: Inventory Management (Part I) – The Newsvendor Model
Session Overview:
This session introduces inventory management as a core supply chain decision. The newsvendor model is presented as the foundational framework for managing inventory under demand uncertainty, focusing on service level as a measure of product availability. Students learn to set optimal order quantities and interpret the trade-off between holding costs and lost sales.
Key Topics:
- Role of inventory in supply chains: costs and trade-offs
- The classic newsvendor model: setup, solution, and interpretation
- Service level and fill rate as measures of inventory performance
- Application exercises: optimal inventory levels under demand uncertainty
Deliverables:
- Group one-pager summarizing GSC simulation outcomes and learnings (deadline communicated at course start).
Case Material:
Exercises and additional materials available on Luiss Learn.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 10
Topic: Inventory Management (Part II) – Multi-Period Models + Omnichannel
Session Overview:
This session extends inventory management to multi-period settings, addressing how inventory policies are designed when demand evolves over time. A case on omnichannel retail illustrates how inventory decisions must adapt to serve customers across physical and digital channels simultaneously. Students also submit the final group project paper.
Key Topics:
- Multi-period inventory management: continuous and periodic review models
- Reorder points, safety stock, and lead time considerations
- Omnichannel retail: inventory visibility and fulfillment across channels
Case Material:
Omnichannel retail case – students are required to read the case before class.
Deliverables:
- Final submission of the Group Project paper (Technology/Tariffs and Industry). Maximum 15 pages including annexes. Evaluation criteria: understanding of issues, use of technical language, critical analysis, and quality of argumentation. All papers checked for plagiarism.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 11
Topic: Network Design and Responsive Supply Chains
Session Overview:
This session examines how companies design their physical and logistical networks to balance cost efficiency with market responsiveness. Trade-offs between centralization and decentralization, degree of proximity to customers, and strategies such as delayed differentiation and read-react capability are examined in an advanced context. A case on digital-native retail and the application of machine learning in supply chain management is discussed.
Key Topics:
- Network design: objectives, trade-offs, and decision criteria
- Proximity to customers vs. centralized efficiency
- Delayed differentiation and postponement strategies
- Read-react capability in responsive supply chains
- Machine learning applications in demand forecasting and network optimization
Case Material:
Case on digital-native retail and logistics operations will be distributed in class.
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)
Week 12
Topic: Technologies in Warehousing and Last Mile Deliveries + Course Wrap-Up
Session Overview:
This final session deepens the analysis of last mile delivery challenges and the role of emerging technologies in reshaping warehouse and distribution operations. Topics include drone delivery, autonomous vehicles, micro-fulfillment centers, and machine learning for last-mile logistics optimization. The session concludes with a course-wide review integrating the themes of operations management, supply chain design, and global logistics.
Key Topics:
- Last mile delivery: cost structure, challenges, and emerging solutions
- Technologies: drones, autonomous delivery, micro-fulfillment, AI/ML in logistics
- Course synthesis: connecting operations, supply chain, and global logistics strategy
- Q&A and final exam preparation
Deliverables:
- Final submission of the Group Project paper, if not yet submitted (deadline communicated at course start).
Reference Material:
Required pre-class reading (available on Luiss Learn)
Lecture slides (available on Luiss Learn)