LEGAL INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION LAW
Gianluigi Ciacci, Luciano Capitanio
Instructional goals
The laboratory aims to provide students with essential and applied knowledge of legal informatics and the law of technological innovation, as the first segment of a progressive educational pathway devoted to the relationship between intelligent machines and law. The course seeks to develop students’ ability to understand the interaction between digitalization, artificial intelligence, and legal phenomena, while fostering the acquisition of the legal, technical, and operational skills needed to assess the impact of emerging technologies on law, society, markets, and institutions.
Through a laboratory-based approach grounded in the analysis of practical cases, the guided use of digital tools, and the concrete application of legal categories to technological phenomena, the course addresses the foundations of legal informatics, the evolution of the field, the essential elements of formal and algorithmic logic, as well as the proper and functional use of artificial intelligence in legal study and research. The laboratory also introduces the main areas of digital innovation relevant to law, following a method that moves from specific cases to the identification of applicable legal issues, principles, and rules.
The objective is to train jurists capable of critically interpreting and operationally applying legal categories to the phenomena of digital and technological innovation, while understanding the role of digital tools, algorithmic logic, and artificial intelligence in the transformation of contemporary legal experience.
Prerequisites
None.
Intended learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding: students will acquire a basic knowledge of the main topics of legal informatics and the law of technological innovation, understanding the legal implications of digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and their applications in the legal field.
Applied knowledge and understanding: students will apply the knowledge acquired to the analysis of practical cases, identifying the relevant legal issues and developing coherent arguments in support of possible solutions.
Making judgements: students will collect, select, and interpret information, data, and legal sources through databases and digital tools, critically assessing the implications of the technologies examined.
Communication skills: students will communicate clearly and appropriately information, problems, and solutions relating to legal informatics and technological innovation, using adequate technical-legal language.
Learning skills: students will develop the skills necessary to continue independently the educational pathway in intelligent machines and law and to update their knowledge in light of technological and regulatory developments.
Course Contents
1. What is legal informatics
Notion and classification
Historical evolution of the subject
The teaching of Legal Informatics and digital competences (DigComp 3.0)
Elements of formal logic (e.g. propositions, connectives, elementary inferences, essential theorems, decidability, and algorithms).
2. AI Literacy
Use and applications of generative AI for law students, using Google AI models.
3. Legal applications and implications of digital innovation:
cryptography and digital signatures
the legal value of electronic documents
blockchain, cryptocurrencies, tokens, and NFTs
smart contracts
Reference Books
Teaching materials consist of the content of the lectures delivered by the instructor, the related handouts, and other materials shared on MyLuiss.
Recommended readings (mandatory for non-attending students!):
- G.Ciacci-G. Buonomo, “Profili di Informatica Giuridica”, capitoli 1, 3 e par. 3 e 7 del capitolo 4
-L.Capitanio “Laboratorio di Intelligenza Artificiale : Elementi di Intelligenza Artificiale con applicazioni in Python per studenti di Giurisprudenza”, https://amzn.to/4e7Iipj
- L.Capitanio “Diritto e Tecnologia del Web3”, https://amazon.it
Teaching Methods
Learning: lectures, podcasts, and online quizzes
Practice: case studies and simulations
Inquiry: analysis of ideas and information across a range of materials and resources, using the LLMs authorized by the University to collect and analyze data and compare texts
Collaboration: small-group work, discussion of peers’ results, and development of shared outcomes
Discussion: seminars, in-class group discussions, online forums, and synchronous and asynchronous discussions
Assessment Method
The final grade, expressed on a 30-point scale and included in the overall grade point average, will be determined on the basis of the following components and corresponding percentages:
75% assessment of coursework completed during the course on my.luiss.it;
10% active participation in class;
15% final examination on my.uiss.it.
Thesis assignment criteria
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Week 1
Notion and classification
Historical evolution of the subject
Week 2
The teaching of Legal Informatics and digital competences (DigComp 3.0)
Week 3
Elements of formal logic
Topics:
- propositions
- connectives
- elementary inferences
- essential theorems
- decidability
- algorithms
Week 4
Fundamentals of GenAI and the Logic of Prompting for Law
Topics:
- LLM Architecture and LUISS Ecosystem
- Prompt Engineering Laboratory for Jurists (NotebookLM)
Week 5
Bias, Data Security and Advanced Document
Analysis Topics:
- Risk Mitigation, Hallucinations and Data Privacy - Laboratory of Analysis and Synthesis of Complex Texts (NotebookLM)
Week 6
The correct and useful use of Google AI models for law students
Week 7
The problem of the legal validity of electronic documents
Notion of digital and electronic documents
The digital signature
Week 8
The digital signature
Technological aspects: cryptography and hash functions
From digital signatures to electronic signatures
Week 9
The legal validity of electronic documents: practical applications
Week 10
Blockchain Technology and the Phenomenon of Cryptocurrencies
Topics:
- Technical Fundamentals and Distributed Ledger Architectures (DLT) - Cryptocurrencies and the European Regulatory Framework
Laboratory :
From block explorer to rule. Visual analysis of a real transaction on a public blockchain explorer (e.g. Etherscan) to understand pseudonymation, transparency, and anti-money laundering (AML/KYC) and tax compliance issues.
Week 11
The Tokenization of Reality: Fungible Tokens and NFTs
Topics:
- Token Taxonomy and Technology Standards - NFTs, Digital Property and Intellectual Property
Laboratory:
Analysis of an NFT marketplace. Study of a case of buying and selling an NFT or a tokenization project to highlight where the legal value lies, how the linked user licenses apply and the risks of fraud or trademark infringement.
Week 12
Smart Contract and Contract Automation
- "Code is Law"? Technical Anatomy and Legal Validity
- Contractual Pathologies, Remedies and Decentralized Justice
Laboratory:
Simulation of a Smart Contract. Guided reading (in pseudo-code or textual logic) of a smart contract for flight delay insurance or for a warranty agreement (escrow). Students will have to identify the points of friction between the automatic execution of the code and the protections provided by the Civil Code.