GLOBAL TRADE

GLOBAL TRADE

Obiettivi formativi

The course aims at developing analytical and negotiation skills on international economic issues.

Risultati di apprendimento attesi

Knowledge and understanding Students will: 1) learn the economic principles that drive policymakers’ decisions in the international economy; 2) have a clear historical perspective of the evolution of the global economy; 3) Understand the implications of international trade in terms of economic development and environmental sustainability; 4) understand the economic role of International institutions and regional development banks; 5) learn and understand causes and effects of international financial crises as well as the policies to prevent and manage them. Applying knowledge and understanding 1) Development of applied skills on search and presentation of statistical data; 2) theory and evidence based understanding of current policy issues related to the global economy; Making judgements The course will help students develop critical thinking on main global issues, based on solid theoretical arguments and the analysis of main economic news; Communication skills The presentation and discussion of current economic topics will help students develop better benefit communication and presentation skills; Learning Skills Students will learn how to develop their own opinions on main global economic phenomena; they will learn how to critically read specialized press.

Contenuti Del Corso

The course aims at developing a critical view of some of the main contemporary issues related to the growth of global trade and the integration of national economies, like globalization and inequality, the persistence of trade imbalances, how these imbalances can give rise to or are amplified by currency and financial crises, the role of international organizations in preventing and managing crises and in promoting development and the controversies surrounding their interventions.
The first part will present an introduction to the history of international trade and trade theories. From the industrial revolution through the recent wave of globalization the main events and policies will be analyzed alongside the theories aimed at explaining these events. Special attention will be given to the relation between trade and economic development, inequalities and environmental issues. Students will also be introduced to the practical use of trade data (database search and data representation though excel).
The second part of the program will focus on the analysis of global financial flows, exchange rate mechanisms, the causes and consequences of exchange rate crises and the role of multilateral institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF in the global economy.

Testi Di Riferimento

- Findlay R. and K. H. O’Rourke (FO) Power and Plenty: Trade, War, and the World Economy in the Second Millennium, Princeton University Press 2007 (parts of Chapters 6,7,8,9)
- Irwin D. A. (I) Free Trade under Fire, Fourth edition, Princeton University Press 2015, (Chapters 2,7)
- Kenneth A Reinert (R) - (2012) An introduction to international economics _ new perspectives on the world economy (2012), Cambridge University Press (Chapters 7,13 15,16,17,23)

Metodologie Didattiche

lectures, class presentations, external speakers

Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento

Mid-term and final written Exams (80%). Essay and presentation (20%) Reaction paper 1 point of bonus

Criteri per l’assegnazione dell’elaborato finale

for students with minimum average grade 28/30

Settimana 1

PART I Prof. Piero Esposito Lesson 1 Course introduction Comparative advantages and gains from trade Trade and the industrial revolution. Required readings: -FO, Chapters 6 (pp.311-345) and 7 (pp.378-383) Lesson 2 The first wave of globalization, the interwar deglobalization and the Post War scenario Required readings: -FO, Chapter 7 (pp.384-411; 425-428 -FO Chapter 8 (435-472)

Settimana 2

Lesson 3 The second wave of Globalization I Required readings: -FO Chapt. 9 (489 - 526) -FO Chapt. 9 (496-515) -Timmer, M. Abdul Azeez Erumban, Bart Los, Robert Stehrer, and Gaaitzen J. de Vries “Slicing Up Global Value Chains” Journal of Economic Perspec tives—Volume 28, Number 2—Spring 2014—Pages 99–118 Lesson 4 Trade and the Environment: a bidirectional link Required readings: -Irwin Chapter 2 (63-74)-Class notes -Rob Dellink, Hyunjeong Hwang, Elisa Lanzi, Jean Chateau. (2017). International trade consequences of Climate Change. OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers 2017/01 Climate policies and external adjustments -IMF external sector report Chapter 2

Settimana 3

Lesson 5 Search and presentation of trade data (G. Romagnoli) Lesson 6 Globalization, Technological change and inequalities -Class notes -TBD

Settimana 4

Lesson 7 The balance of payments -Class notes -Basic macroeconomics textbook Lesson 8 Digitalization, the labour market and global inequalities Required readings: Class notes Additional readings: -TBD

Settimana 5

Lesson 9 Analysis of current topics: 1) GVCs during the Pandemics; 2) Global industrial policy Required readings: -World Trade Report 2021, Chapters B-C (parts of) -COVID-19 and global value chains: the ongoing debate. Enrico Di Stefano. Questioni di Economia e Finanza, 618. Bank of Italy, 2021 -World Trade Report 2020 Lesson 10 Analysis of current topics: 3) Trade imbalances, war and pandemics Required reading: -IMF external sector report 2022 Chapter 1

Settimana 6

PART II Prof. Franco Passacantando Lesson 11 From the Gold Standard to The Bretton Woods System (PartI): Steill, Benn (2013), “The Battle of Bretton Woods”, Princeton University Press, Chapter 6 pp 125-154 Franco Passacantando (2015): “Central banks as “Producers of Confidence: Curzio Giannini’s contribution to the theory of central banking”; in P.Catte, A.Gerali, and F. Passacantando editors, Banca d’Italia, June 2015. Lesson 12 Mid term exam

Settimana 7

Lesson 13 From the Gold Standard to The Bretton Woods System (PartI) Michael Bordo (2017) “The operation and demise of the Bretton Woods system: 1958 to 1971” Vox Eu, 23 April 2017 https://voxeu.org/article/operation-and-demise-bretton-woods-system Capital movements Reinert Chapt 8 Andrew Walter, Gautam Sen - Analyzing the Global Political Economy (2008) pp. 112-115; 132-143 IMF The Liberalization and Management of Capital Flows: An Institutional View, November 14, 2012 (pp. 1-43) https://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2012/111412.pdf Lesson 14 Exchange Rate Regimes and Adjustment (Francesco Ruggeri) Reinert Chapts 13, 15,16 International Monetary Fund, Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions (Washington, 2020) (pp.1-5) https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/books/012/29310-9781513556567-en/29310-9781513556567-en-book.xml?code=imf.org

Settimana 8

Lesson 15 Post Bretton Woods currency crises (I) Barry Eichengreen (1996) “Globalizing Capital” Chapter 5 Glick R. and Hutchinson M. Currency Crises, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Working Paper, September 2011 (pp.1-18) F. Passacantando (2017) “Italexit, Debt Cancellation and Parallel Moneys: The fatal attraction for the Argentine solution, SEP Working Paper October 2017 https://sep.luiss.it/research/working-papers/2017/10/04/f-passacantando-italexit-debt-cancellation-and-parallel-moneys-fa Lesson 16 Post Bretton Woods currency crises (II) Glick R. and Hutchinson M. Currency Crises, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Working Paper, September 2011 (pp.1-18) F. Passacantando (2017) “Italexit, Debt Cancellation and Parallel Moneys: The fatal attraction for the Argentine solution, SEP Working Paper October 2017 https://sep.luiss.it/research/working-papers/2017/10/04/f-passacantando-italexit-debt-cancellation-and-parallel-moneys-fa

Settimana 9

Lesson 17 The IMF (I) Reinert Chapt 17 Reinhart Carmen M. Christoph Trebesch (2015) ―The International Monetary Fund: 70 years of Reinvention‖ NBER Working Paper Other readings Bassanetti (2016) IMF Conditionality and Socio-Economic Impact,(pp. 1-13) Lesson 25 (10 November) The IMF (II) Bordo M. D.,H. James (2000) “The International Monetary Fund: its present role in historical perspective” NBER Working Paper 7724 June https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w7724/w7724.pdf the SDR https://www.imf.org/en/About/Factsheets/Sheets/2016/08/01/14/51/Special-Drawing-Right-SDR Lesson 18 The World Bank (I) Reinert Chapt 23

Settimana 10

Lesson 19 The World Bank (ii) Ravallion M. 2015 “The World Bank: Why It Is Still Needed and Why It Still Disappoints” Center for Global Development, working paper 400, April GTI: Assessing World Bank Openness: A Transparency Scorecard, 2006 https://www.humanrightsinitiative.org/programs/ai/rti/international/laws_papers/intl/wbg_transparency_scorecard.pdf Lesson 20 World Bank and IMF Policies on climate change https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/climate-change https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/35799

Settimana 11

Lesson 21 Financial Crisis in the EMU and the creation of the ESM (I) •Baldwin R. and F. Giavazzi s(BG) The Eurozone Crisis A Consensus View of the Causes and a Few Possible Solutions. 2015 CEPR, A VoxEU.org Book (Introduction pp. 22-50) •Paul De Grauwe: Design failures of the Eurozone September 2015 https://voxeu.org/article/design-failures-eurozone Lesson 22 Reform of the International Financial Architecture •D.Rodrik (2012) The Globalization Paradox: Democracy and the Future of the World Economy – Norton chapters 9 and 10 (pp.200 - 232) •Vestergaard, Jakob and Robert H. Wade ―Establishing a new Global Economic Council: governance reform at the G20, the IMF and the World Bank‖, 2012 Global Policy, Volume 3, Issue 3, pages 257–269. Other readings Xiaochuan, Zhou (2009), “The Reform of the International Monetary System”, https://www.bis.org/review/r090402c.pdf

Settimana 12

Lesson 23 Class presentations Lesson 24 Class presentations