M&A AND INVESTMENT BANKING

M&A AND INVESTMENT BANKING

Marshall Langer

Obiettivi formativi

In this course students learn how investment banks and investment bankers operate. M&A is emphasized in particular. Public offerings, venture capital, sales and trading, merchant banking, debt financing, institutional research, among numerous other aspects of the investment banking field, are also studied, analyzed, and discussed. Emphasis is on developing practical analytical tools and social skills necessary to succeed in the world of international high finance. The role of a successful analyst and associate operating in such settings, and working on such transactions will be emphasized in particular. Additionally students will 1) develop and utilize analytical and presentation tools in use at investment banks such as the working group list, comparable spreadsheets, financial models, and other analyses and memoranda; 2) simulate investment banking committee meetings and project deal teams; and 3) practice client development; 4) model transactions.

Risultati di apprendimento attesi

2. Learning Objectives. At the end of the course, students should be able to: A. Describe the role of the major industry players and the forces that drive success, competition, and change in the Investment Banking field. B. Develop precise, useful mathematical and editorial analyses for a range of business proposals. C. Demonstrate the business acumen, inquisitiveness, and research skills necessary to operate effectively as an analyst/associate in a full service investment banking firm. D. Exhibit social skills required in client driven firm in a highly competitive industry.

Contenuti Del Corso

The course is divided into 4 parts: Part 1: Investment industry overview (including financial statement analysis) Part 2: The Sell Side: including advisory, banking, sales & trading, and client management. Part 3: The Buy Side: including fund management, principle investing. Part 4: International aspects of M&A and Investment Banking.

Testi Di Riferimento

M&A: Miller, Mergers and Acquisitions, Legal and Practical Guide, Wiley, 2008 Excerpts: EY: Ernst & Young, Mergers and Acquisitions, Wiley, 1994 FS: Fraser, Ormiston, Understanding Financial Statements, 7th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2004 FI: Alexander, Sharpe, Bailey, Fundamentals of Investments, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2001 RB: Reilly, Brown, Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management, Thomson, 2006 CC: Greiner, Poulfelt, The Contemporary Consultant, Thomson, 2005 SM: Lasserre, Global Strategic Management, Macmillan, 2002

Metodologie Didattiche

Highly interactive utilizing applicable techniques. Additionally: 1. Active student participation in seminar-style class lecture. Classes are highly interactive. Instructor prompts students for response to questions posed and solicits his/her thoughts on issues discussed. Format is probing and direct. Additionally, instructor provides concrete, real-world examples to illustrate concepts. Format reinforces appropriate methods for asking questions, gaining relevant insights, and making appropriate recommendation. 2. In class presentation and discussion of readings (by professor and students). Textbook and other assigned readings (assigned according to the syllabus) present relevant topics, which are covered more depthfully in class lecture. In class discussion of readings, instructor highlights most relevant reading topics, showing by example how to present data in a stimulating way, consistent with achieving course objectives. 3. Case Study and/or Article Presentation. Case studies and articles are used to further illustrate real-world examples of subject topics. For all assigned cases/articles, students should be prepared to answer questions about the case/article and be able to illustrate its subtler aspects. For select cases/articles an individual written submission is due. For select cases/articles students are assigned to make a presentation. In class discussion of case studies/articles serves to highlight analytical methods, indicating specifically, ways to discern the most relevant focal points. 4. In-class Exercises. In-class exercises, corresponding to the lecture and assigned reading, are followed by probing Q&A. Exercises replicate real world application of concepts, such as committee meetings, client presentations, debate, etc. Each exercise design compels students to hone their skills for that setting.

Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento

40% optional MT/45% final OR 85% Final exam 15% Class participation, homework, presentations, and quizzes

Criteri per l’assegnazione dell’elaborato finale

Optional project for students who chose it. Research and opine on changes in a major aspect of the financial services industry. Specifically, you must 1) develop a research proposal; 2) conduct the relevant research; 3) present your findings in both a writing submission of approximately 5 page length.

Settimana 1

Course overview. - -- - - - - - - - - - Fundamentals of finance, investment banking terminology. Structure of the finance industry. - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Review Balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement Analysis, EBITDA. Accrual accounting. Optional topics Debits and credits. (suggested) Stock-based pay (suggested) Purchase accounting adjustments. (optional) Goodwill. (optional) Principles of consolidation (and minority interest) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - See on IB analyst job: http://www.businessinsider.com/things-i-wish-i-knew-as-an-analyst-2013-5?IR=T Review cont’d Regulation: (optional) Legal regulations, securities laws, blue sky. Regulatory agencies (i.e. SEC), antitrust. Chinese Wall. See regarding European regulation: http://ceps01.link.be/Article.php?article_id=277 -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Documentation: (optional) 10K, 10Q, 13D, 14D, 8K, S-1, S-4, proxy, etc. Notes to financial, off balance sheet items, subsidiary data. See as example for documentation U.S. SEC: http://www.sec.gov/info/edgar/forms/edgform.pdf and http://sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/companysearch.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Henry Kravis (KKR) on investing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtKizreanP0 Other KKR and hedge funds: http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/9332 https://www.greenlightcapital.com/

Settimana 2

Book books and tax books. Depreciation and deferred taxes. Inside and outside basis. (optional) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Equity and enterprise value multiples. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Complex EBITDA (Marriott Corp. 2009) The comparable spreadsheet. The M&A spreadsheet. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Valuation using the comparable spreadsheet. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tony James interview: http://youtu.be/v-NzAhxtoNw

Settimana 3

Risk and return. - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Valuation using DCF (DMT/DBA from DLJ) - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Investing summary and review - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - David Einhorn: http://www.bloomberg.com/video/is-apple-too-big-a-mountain-for-david-einhorn-gUy8YmNuQf2mM4inKp4RjA.html Einhorn: http://www.charlierose.com/watch/50107952 (up to 9 min) Shark Tank: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=shark+tank+s05+e1 (5.2min, 9.0min) - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - DLJ (optional) Prospectus (vs. indenture). See Marvel Enterprises debt prospectus (form S-4): http://www.secinfo.com/drHU7.6Ra.htm#giw - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bond characteristics: coupon, yield, rating, security, covenants, default, guarantees. Optional topic Asset backed securities (optional) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ken Moelis interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jpyl_8lv6C0

Settimana 4

Additional debt features: bond valuation, interest rates, duration, spreads, term structure. IPO, secondary offering, private placement. The prospectus. See Blackstone Group IPO prospectus (form S-1): http://sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1393818/000104746907005100/a2178442zs-1a.htm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Equity valuation techniques. Proformas.

Settimana 5

Basic equity analysis. Making cash flow projections for margins and growth rates. Equity analysis and cash flow projections – cont’d

Settimana 2

Book books and tax books. Depreciation and deferred taxes. Inside and outside basis. (optional) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Equity and enterprise value multiples. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Complex EBITDA (Marriott Corp. 2009) The comparable spreadsheet. The M&A spreadsheet. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Valuation using the comparable spreadsheet. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tony James interview: http://youtu.be/v-NzAhxtoNw

Settimana 7

The Hilton-ITT Wars, UVA-F-1217 Midterm review.

Settimana 8

Effecting merger model changes for stock transaction, other capital structure effects and mid-year closing. Management incentives, equity promotes. Post-deal ownership structure.

Settimana 9

Company sale (as buyer or seller representative). -Financial buyer. -Strategic buyer. Friendly vs. hostile. Greenmail - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Agreements and letters: Acquisition agreement Engagement letter Non-compete agreement Merger agreement Confidentiality agreement Letter of intent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Types of purchases: cash, stock, assets. Price protection: Price ratio Floors, caps, collars (imbedded options) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Defensive measures (by target): Defense against takeover Poison pill - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - M&A tax considerations. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wind Telecom

Settimana 10

Institutional: Institutional sales role. Trader role. Floor operations. Institutional research (for debt and equity). Technical analysis. Retail: Retail brokerage. Financial advisory. Merchant banking. Co-investing (with clients and other partners). LBO boutiques / Private equity. Venture capital. Angels. Hedge funds. Mutual funds. See for VC: http://www.kpcb.com https://www.sequoiacap.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Investing styles: Value (fundamental) Distressed (bankruptcy). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Risk arbitrage See for risk arbitrage: http://beginnersinvest.about.com/od/investstrategiesstyles/a/070404.htm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kmart, Sears, and ESL: How a Hedge Fund Became One of the World's Largest Retailers

Settimana 3

Risk and return. - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Valuation using DCF (DMT/DBA from DLJ) - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Investing summary and review - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - David Einhorn: http://www.bloomberg.com/video/is-apple-too-big-a-mountain-for-david-einhorn-gUy8YmNuQf2mM4inKp4RjA.html Einhorn: http://www.charlierose.com/watch/50107952 (up to 9 min) Shark Tank: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=shark+tank+s05+e1 (5.2min, 9.0min) - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - DLJ (optional) Prospectus (vs. indenture). See Marvel Enterprises debt prospectus (form S-4): http://www.secinfo.com/drHU7.6Ra.htm#giw - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bond characteristics: coupon, yield, rating, security, covenants, default, guarantees. Optional topic Asset backed securities (optional) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ken Moelis interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jpyl_8lv6C0

Settimana 12

Entry level opportunities in finance field. Strategies for gaining entry. What makes an effective consultant? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - Case interviews.

Settimana 4

Mirta Musolino, Professor and Tutor Topic: VC funding in small business development - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Additional debt features: bond valuation, interest rates, duration, spreads, term structure. IPO, secondary offering, private placement. The prospectus. See Blackstone Group IPO prospectus (form S-1): http://sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1393818/000104746907005100/a2178442zs-1a.htm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Equity valuation techniques. Proformas.

Settimana 5

Basic equity analysis. Making cash flow projections for margins and growth rates. Equity analysis and cash flow projections – cont’d

Settimana 6

Quick measures (first look at a Bloomberg quote). See: http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/quote?ticker=AAPL:US - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - Buying and selling tradable securities. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - Options (and warrants). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - Preferred stocks. Convertibles. Acquisition process - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Due diligence. - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bidding and purchase price determination. Role of advisors and 3rd party players such as commercial banks, lawyers.

Settimana 7

The Hilton-ITT Wars, UVA-F-1217 Midterm review.

Settimana 8

Effecting merger model changes for stock transaction, other capital structure effects and mid-year closing. Management incentives, equity promotes. Post-deal ownership structure.

Settimana 9

Company sale (as buyer or seller representative). -Financial buyer. -Strategic buyer. Friendly vs. hostile. Greenmail - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Agreements and letters: Acquisition agreement Engagement letter Non-compete agreement Merger agreement Confidentiality agreement Letter of intent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Types of purchases: cash, stock, assets. Price protection: Price ratio Floors, caps, collars (imbedded options) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Defensive measures (by target): Defense against takeover Poison pill - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - M&A tax considerations. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wind Telecom

Settimana 10

Institutional: Institutional sales role. Trader role. Floor operations. Institutional research (for debt and equity). Technical analysis. Retail: Retail brokerage. Financial advisory. Merchant banking. Co-investing (with clients and other partners). LBO boutiques / Private equity. Venture capital. Angels. Hedge funds. Mutual funds. See for VC: http://www.kpcb.com https://www.sequoiacap.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Investing styles: Value (fundamental) Distressed (bankruptcy). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Risk arbitrage See for risk arbitrage: http://beginnersinvest.about.com/od/investstrategiesstyles/a/070404.htm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kmart, Sears, and ESL: How a Hedge Fund Became One of the World's Largest Retailers

Settimana 11

Volatility, Correlation, Beta. Portfolio theory. Portfolio analysis. International negotiations. Behavior of successful negotiators. Why negotiations go wrong. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cross-border M&A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - General Mills’ acquisition of Pillsbury from Diageo Plc Vodafone AirTouch’s Bid for Mannesmann (optional)

Settimana 12

Entry level opportunities in finance field. Strategies for gaining entry. What makes an effective consultant? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - Case interviews.