Introduction to the course. on line Introduction and Course Organization; methodological approach on campus From European history to global history

Rise and downfall of Europe 1871-1914 online From the concert of Europe to WWI on campus Ideas and ideologies in Europe 1815-1919

From WWI to WWII on line The political development 1919-1939 on campus The interwar period and the new political regimes

Towards a globalized world on line Interpretations of WWII and the global transformation on campus The rise of a non-European world

The Cold War on line One world, two empires: interpretations on campus The Cold War in its historical development

History is back on line The end of the Cold War and its legacy on campus interpretations of the post-Cold War age

History and memory on line Making history today: main challenges on campus The role of history in the current political debate

contemporary history and technology, main issues. On campus Cases and examples of a technologically oriented approach to contemporary history. Difference between the “history of science and technology” and the “contemporary history and technology” analysis. Technology shall not be considered as an autonomous field to be studied separately, but can serve the purpose to develop an integrated vision of the human society based on technological evolution. To period beginning after WW2 illustrates this trend, with a further acceleration after the “digital revolution”. Online The relation between technology and contemporary history raises questions about the human-machine relations, to be linked with an historical anthropology approach. Technology as an anthropomorphic activity ? History and technology BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE VOL. 1 OCTOBER, 1950 No. 4 Presidential Address, The History of Ancient Technology Delivered by PROFESSOR J. R. PARTINGTON, M.B.E., on 1st May, 195 Stephen Barley, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management Volume 15, Issue 4, September 1998, Pages 237-255 What can we learn from the history of technology? Rodrigo, Pierre. « Marx et la technique », Philosophie, vol. 133, no. 2, 2017, pp. 37-51. Robert F. Gary, Matthias Fink, Olga Belousova, Yorgos Marinakis, Robert Tierney, Steven T. Walsh, An introduction to the field of abundant economic thought, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Volume 155, 2020, 119796, ISSN 0040-1625 Science , technology, policy and democracy _Science The Endless Frontier, A Report to the President by Vannevar Bush, Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, July 1945 / Roosevelt Presidency https://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/nsf50/vbush1945.htm _Carl Mitcham, Science policy and democracy, VANNEVAR BUSH’S SCIENCE THE ENDLESS FRONTIER Volume 67, November 2021, 101783 Technology in Society Cold War / Deterrence/ Industry Industry in the Cold War Author(s): Francis Walton Source: Ordnance, Vol. 44, No. 238 (JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1960), pp. 588-591 Published by: National Defense Industrial Association Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/45365746 Accessed: 10-11-2021 14:21 UTC Principles of Nuclear Deterrence and Strategy, Bruno Tertrais, NDC report, May 2021 Repairing credibility: Repositioning nuclear weapons knowledge after the Cold War Author(s): Benjamin Sims and Christopher R. Henke Source: Social Studies of Science , June 2012, Vol. 42, No. 3 (June 2012), pp. 324-347 Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd Defense Research After the Cold War Author(s): Colin Norman Source: Science , Jan. 19, 1990, Vol. 247, No. 4940 (Jan. 19, 1990), pp. 272-273 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science How the United States Sold Its Soul to Win the Cold War (And Now Cannot Develop a Coherent Post-Cold War Foreign Policy) Author(s): Joan Hoff Source: International Journal , Summer, 2001, Vol. 56, No. 3 (Summer, 2001), pp. 373- 392 Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. on behalf of the Canadian International Council Deterrence and the Cold War Author(s): Richard Ned Lebow and Janice Gross Stein Source: Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 110, No. 2 (Summer, 1995), pp. 157-181 Published by: The Academy of Political Science

the question of a technological dominance. Defense technology On campus Technology and military power : some examples and a classic analysis. Defense technology as a key feature/development for the reach of military supremacy/deterrence (development of weapons, nuclear race.) The cold war, a technological victory ? (USA SDI) Online The switch between a “defense” technological push to a “civilian” technological push. A new paradigm ? to what extend ? Additional readings Deudney, Daniel, and G. John Ikenberry. “Who Won the Cold War?” Foreign Policy, no. 87, 1992, pp. 123–138. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1149164. Accessed 3 July 2021. Rasser, Martijn, and Megan Lamberth. How the United States Competed: Past Technology Strategies. Center for a New American Security, 2021, pp. 14–20, Taking the Helm: A National Technology Strategy to Meet the China Challenge, www.jstor.org/stable/resrep28655.7.

Space policy : from a classic case (space race during the cold ward) to a transformative one (new space) On campus The Space race and the cold war, milestones and developments. Strategies of the main players (USA, USSR, European countries, China). The ideological dimension of the space race : the question of an “irrational technology” persuading pure ideological goals ? Online Imagining the Cosmos: Utopians, Mystics, and the Popular Culture of Spaceflight in Revolutionary Russia Author(s): Asif A. Siddiqi Source: Osiris, Vol. 23, No. 1, Intelligentsia Science: The Russian Century, 1860-1960 (2008), pp. 260-288 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/591877 Soviets in Space Author(s): Peter M. Banks and Sally K. Ride Source: Scientific American , Vol. 260, No. 2 (FEBRUARY 1989), pp. 32-41 Published by: Scientific American, a division of Nature America, Inc. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/24987137 Was the Race to the Moon Real? Author(s): John M. Logsdon and Alain Dupas Source: Scientific American , Vol. 270, No. 6 (JUNE 1994), pp. 36-43 Published by: Scientific American, a division of Nature America, Inc "Why Are We Telling Lies?" The Creation of Soviet Space History Myths Author(s): SLAVA GEROVITCH Source: The Russian Review , JULY 2011, Vol. 70, No. 3 (JULY 2011), pp. 460-484 Published by Kennedy's Romantic Moon and Its Rhetorical Legacy for Space Exploration Author(s): John W. Jordan Source: Rhetoric and Public Affairs , Summer 2003, Vol. 6, No. 2 (Summer 2003), pp. 209-231 Published by: Michigan State University Press Competing Technologies, National(ist) Narratives, and Universal Claims: Toward a Global History of Space Exploration Author(s): ASIF A. SIDDIQI Source: Technology and Culture , April 2010, Vol. 51, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 425-443 Published by: The Johns Hopkins University Press and the Society for the History of Technology Space, the Final Economic Frontier Author(s): Matthew Weinzierl Source: The Journal of Economic Perspectives , Vol. 32, No. 2 (Spring 2018), pp. 173-192 Published by: American Economic Association Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26409430 The Return of the Space Visionaries Author(s): Rand Simberg Source: The New Atlantis , No. 56 (Summer/Fall 2018), pp. 48-68 Published by: Center for the Study of Technology and Society NASA’s Next 50 YearsAuthor(s): Robert Zubrin Source: The New Atlantis , No. 59 (Summer 2019), pp. 63-67 Published by: Center for the Study of Technology and Society Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26760514 Gil Denis, Didier Alary, Xavier Pasco, Nathalie Pisot, Delphine Texier, Sandrine Toulza, “From new space to big space: How commercial space dream is becoming a reality”, https://www.frstrategie.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/autres/2020/articleespace.pdf Jean-Pierre Darnis « The New Space Economy: Consequences for Space Security in Europe », in Kai-Uwe Schrogl (ed.), Handbook of Space Security. Policies, Applications and Programs, Cham, Springer, 2019 Jean-Pierre Darnis “Space as a Key Element of Europe's Digital Sovereignty», Notes de l'Ifri, dicember 2020, 22 p https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/darnis_space_europe_digital_sovereignty_2020_.pdf European Space Program: It's Half-Speed Ahead Author(s): Dominique Verguèse Source: Science, New Series, Vol. 179, No. 4077 (Mar. 9, 1973), pp. 984-986 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1735180

Week 4 from computing/telecommunications networks to the digital age, a further shift ? On campus Informatic age, telecommunication development, internet protocols. Actors and trends. Internet and the political vision of a “open” society in the 20th century. Grid technologies transformation. The 21st century digitalization shift : the data paradigm (main technological steps) The question of the interpretation of this technological evolution. A new relation between human and machine Online Grid transformation : the case of energy production and technology Additional readings Rosenzweig, Roy. “Wizards, Bureaucrats, Warriors, and Hackers: Writing the History of the Internet.” The American Historical Review, vol. 103, no. 5, 1998, pp. 1530–1552. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2649970. Accessed 3 July 2021. “Internet Histories, Narratives and the Rise of the Network Ideology.” The Internet Myth: From the Internet Imaginary to Network Ideologies, by Paolo Bory, vol. 14, University of Westminster Press, London, 2020, pp. 7–38. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv12fw7sn.6. Accessed 3 July 2021. Brooke, Heather. “Inside the Digital Revolution.” Journal of International Affairs, vol. 70, no. 1, 2016, pp. 29–53. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/90012596. Accessed 3 July 2021. Jerry Glowniak, History, structure, and function of the internet, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 135-144, (Elsevier Science Direct) GDPR The Untold Story of Edward Snowden’s Impact on the GDPRAuthor(s): Hallie Coyne Source: The Cyber Defense Review , Vol. 4, No. 2 (FALL 2019), pp. 65-80 Published by: Army Cyber Institute La governance globale dei dati e la sovranità digitale europea Author(s): Carolina Polito Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) (2021) Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep30937 The European Union and the Search for Digital Sovereignty: Building “Fortress Europe” or Preparing for a New World? Author(s): FRANCES G. BURWELL and KENNETH PROPP Atlantic Council (2020) Transatlantic Data Transfers The Slow-Motion Crisis Author(s): Kenneth Propp Council on Foreign Relations (2021) Le relazioni transatlantiche al tempo del digitale: la questione del trasferimento di dati Author(s): Jean-Pierre Darnis Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) (2021) Digital world REALITY BYTES Author(s): Matthew Taylor and Anthony Giddens Source: RSA Journal , Vol. 161, No. 5564 (2015), pp. 26-29 Published by: Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26204456 Inside the Digital Revolution Author(s): Heather Brooke Source: Journal of International Affairs , Vol. 70, No. 1, The Cyber Issue (Winter 2016), pp. 29-53 Published by: Journal of International Affairs Editorial Board

The digital age, a completely data driven word? On campus Historical cases : Citizenship and digital technology : Snowden Case, Max Schrems cases Tech platforms and democracy : Facebook Cambridge Analytica case Tech and power : The 5G question within the US/China competition. Issues The question of politics, sovereignty and democracy within the digital age : A new scale of power for the states if compared with the techno giants? Does tech platforms raise issues for democracy ? International geopolitical competition: The US/China rivalry and its technological dimension Online Digital agenda in international policy. The EU emerging as a regulatory power (GDPR, Digital strategy). An emerging EU technological sovereignty concept. Additional readings Lamoreaux, Naomi R. “The Problem of Bigness: From Standard Oil to Google.” The Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 33, no. 3, 2019, pp. 94–117. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/26732323. Accessed 3 July 2021. “THE SURVEILLANCE STATE AND ITS DISCONTENTS.” Foreign Policy, no. 203, 2013, pp. 64–74. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/24576005. Accessed 3 July 2021. Farrell, Henry, and Abraham Newman. “The Transatlantic Data War: Europe Fights Back Against the NSA.” Foreign Affairs, vol. 95, no. 1, 2016, pp. 124–133., www.jstor.org/stable/43946632. Accessed 3 July 2021. Allen, General John, et al. TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP. German Marshall Fund of the United States, 2020, pp. 30–33, TOGETHER OR ALONE?: Choices and Strategies for Transatlantic Relations for 2021 and Beyond, www.jstor.org/stable/resrep27629.9. Accessed 3 July 2021. https://www.frstrategie.org/en/publications/notes/european-technological-sovereignty-response-covid-19-crisis-2020 https://www.frstrategie.org/en/publications/recherches-et-documents/european-union-between-strategic-autonomy-and-technological-sovereignty-impasses-and-opportunities-2021 GDPR The Untold Story of Edward Snowden’s Impact on the GDPRAuthor(s): Hallie Coyne Source: The Cyber Defense Review , Vol. 4, No. 2 (FALL 2019), pp. 65-80 Published by: Army Cyber Institute La governance globale dei dati e la sovranità digitale europea Author(s): Carolina Polito Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) (2021) Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep30937 The European Union and the Search for Digital Sovereignty: Building “Fortress Europe” or Preparing for a New World? Author(s): FRANCES G. BURWELL and KENNETH PROPP Atlantic Council (2020) Transatlantic Data Transfers The Slow-Motion Crisis Author(s): Kenneth Propp Council on Foreign Relations (2021) Le relazioni transatlantiche al tempo del digitale: la questione del trasferimento di dati Author(s): Jean-Pierre Darnis Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) (2021) Laurence NARDON, Siméon RUST, USA/Europe: Seven Digital Challenges, Potomac Paper, No. 42, July 2021, https://www.ifri.org/en/publications/notes-de-lifri/potomac-papers/usaeurope-seven-digital-challenges Alice PANNIER, Europe in the Geopolitics of Technology: Connecting the Internal and External Dimensions, https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/pannier_europe_geopolitics_technology_2021_.pdf Jean-Pierre Darnis “The European Union between strategic autonomy and technological sovereignty: impasses and opportunities, FRS Recherches & Documents, n°10/2021 (Avril 2021), 16 p, Jean-Pierre Darnis, “European technological sovereignty: a response to the Covid-19 crisis?, Note de la FRS n°45/2020 https://www.frstrategie.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/notes/2020/202045.pdf