QUANTITATIVE METHODS FOR FINANCE
Instructional goals
The aim of the course is to strengthen the basic analytical techniques necessary for the management of financial instruments, corporate finance and asset pricing. The course consists in two parts: basic mathematics and statistics, and financial applications. All the arguments are first introduced theoretically and then some related case studies are implemented in python.
Intended learning outcomes
Students will acquire the quantitative skills necessary for risk management and portfolio management. Alongside the more purely modeling aspects, application aspects are introduced through the use of dedicated software in multiple case studies.
At the end of the learning path the students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge and techniques for risk and portfolio management, also through the implementation of the presented techniques by means of Python programming language.
The implementation of case studies on real data will allow the student to gain experience on how a problem is formalized, how it is coded and finally on the interpretation of the results.
The enhancement of quantitative methods for the analysis and solution of financial problems will help the student to focus attention on the really important variables, and therefore to communicate more effectively and clearly, to specialist and non-specialist interlocutors, the proposed solution and results.
The classroom exercises, the discussion of the case studies and the exercises at home will help the student to become familiar with the analytical tools learned in order to be able to face the problems of risk measurement and management in a largely autonomous way, and the necessary updating of the knowledge and models in continuous evolution in the financial sector.
Course Contents
Main topics of the course: fundamentals of linear algebra; constrained and unconstrained optimization; fundamentals of probability theory; mean-variance optimization and portfolio management; efficient frontier; views and the Black-Litterman model; fundamentals of linear regression; CAPM, idiosyncratic and systematic risk; marginal risk; principal component analysis.
Reference Books
Sydsaeter, K., Hammond, P., & Strom, A. (2016). Essential mathematics for economic analysis. Pearson Education UK.
Ross, S. M., Ross, S. M., & Ross, S. M. (2020). A first course in probability (Tenth, Global ed.). Pearson.
Elton, E. J., & Elton, E. J. (2010). Modern portfolio theory and investment analysis (8th, international student version ed.). John Wiley & sons.
Teaching Methods
Face-to-face and on-line lectures. Implementation of case studies in Python
Assessment Method
For attending students: two group assignments (30%+30%) and a final test (40%).
For not attending students: a final test (50%) and an oral exam (50%).
Thesis assignment criteria
Interview
Does the syllabus cover sustainability topics?
no
Week 1 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Fundamentals of linear algebra. Vectors, matrices, linear systems.
Week 2 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Rouché-Capelli Theorem. Numerical solutions of linear systems. Refresh of calculus.
Week 3 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Multivariate functions. Contour lines, partial derivatives, the gradient vector and the Hessian matrix. Taylor polynomial.
Week 4 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Constrained and unconstrained optimization.
Week 5 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Fundamentals of probability theory. Random variables: distribution functions, densities, examples of notable distributions. Expectations and moments. The Law of Large Numbers. Central Limit Theorem. Monte Carlo method, scenario generation.
Week 6 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Introduction to linear regression in finance.
Week 7 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Portfolio optimization. The mean-variance principles. The problem with two risky assets. The problem with N risky assets. The analytical solution. The two fund separation theorem.
Week 8 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Drawbacks of the mean-variance approach. Alternative approaches. The resampling method. The Black Litterman model.
Week 9 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
The efficient frontier with N risky assets and one risk free asset. CAPM as an equilibrium model. The capital market line and the security market line. Marginal risk and risk budgeting.
Week 10 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
CAPM as a factor model. Risk decomposition: idiosyncratic and systematic risk. Fama Experiment.
Week 11 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Principal component analysis (PCA). The case of a portfolio of bonds.
Week 12 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Introduction to fixed income market. Financial applications: bootstrap of term structure of interest rates as a problem of linear algebra. Calibration of Nelson Siegel model as an optimization problem.