STRATEGIC STUDIES
Instructional goals
Understanding and mastering strategic affairs with particular attention to military operations and technology. Developing a basic knowledge-set, both at the theoretical and at the practical level, to enable students to understand, and eventually contribute to, the main debates characterizing it.
Intended learning outcomes
The class intends to contribute to the intellectual and professional growth of participants through five criteria:
Knowledge and Understanding: Attendance will enable students to acquire, or strengthen, specific knowledge regarding strategic affairs and in particular military operations and technology and the dynamics underlying decision making. Assessment will take take place through the mid-term, a class presentation and at the end of the course through a short essay.
Ability to apply knowledge e
understanding: Thanks to the deepening of multiple theoretical approaches and specialization on more specific military issues, together with constant reference to the methodological approach, students will be able to apply and interpret the principles underlying strategic studies, identifying dynamics, trends and possible challenges - as well as solutions.
Autonomy of judgment: Thanks to the class presentations, the recommended readings, and the assignments, the student will be able to know the main authors, the most authoritative sources, will be able to extricate him/herself from more specialized issues, so as to possess the skills to collect, and independently evaluate data and information.
Communication skills: At the end of the class the student will not only master specific terminology and appropriate vocabulary, but also identify the main themes and debates behind individual themes or issues. Through the different types of tests, written and oral, we intend to improve the communication skills of students from a logical, stylistic and content point of view.
Learning skills: Through the knowledge acquired and the methodology learned during the lessons, the student
will be able to elaborate in-depth analysis e
conduct research by consulting
specialized texts and magazines. The student
will develop a solid understanding of the aspects fundamentals of the matter that will allow it to continue to deepen also in
autonomy the issues addressed.
Course Contents
The class is focused on the primary actors of the international system, the factors informing strategic deciisions, the evolution of conflict as well as military technology and operations.
Reference Books
The bulk of the class is built around academic articles published in the most important international journals, primarily nternational Security, Security Studies e Journal of Strategic Studies. Most articles are freely available online through a simple google or scholar.google search. Otherwise, they can be access through the university’s online catalogue. In case of problems, contact the instructor.
Attendance is mandatory and students are required to do all weekly readings.
Teaching Methods
Frontal classes.
Assessment Method
One mid-term exam with multiple questions.
One multiple question-exam with 2 open questions.
Students obtaining at least 27/30 at the mid-term can opt for a 5 page-long essay.
Thesis assignment criteria
A 28/30 grade and active participation in the course.
Week 1
Introduction and definitions. The unconventional element.
Tue Feb 4, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
George R, Intelligence in the National Security Enterprise – An Introduction, Georgetown University Press 2020;
Intro to Strategic Studies and Social Science
Wed Feb 5, 18.30-20, Andrea Gilli
Reading: Adam Grissom, “The future of military innovation studies,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 29, No. 5 (2006): 905-34.
Week 2
Economic Statecraft
Tue Feb 11, 18.30-20.00, Michele Savini Zangrandi Readings:D. Baldwin, Economic Statecraft, Princeton University Press, in part. chapter 3 (What is Economic Statecraft) and Afterword (Economic Statecraft: continuity and change); H. Farrell and A.L. Newman, Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion, International Security, 2029; Containing Crisis – Strategic Concepts for containing economic statecraft on China, CNAS 2021; Goodman, G7 Gives First Definition to ‘Economic Security’, CSIS 2023; Girishankar, Resolving the Emerging Economic Security Trilemma (Introduction).
Strategic Competition
Wed Feb 12, 18.00-19.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, “Why China Has Not Caught Up Yet: Military-Technological Superiority, Systems Integration, and the Challenges of Imitation, Reverse Engineering, and Cyber-Espionage,” International Security, Vol. 43, No. 3 (Winter 2018/19).
Week 3
Intelligence (1/3). Objectives, organization, methods. Analysis vs. Operations.
Tue Feb 18, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
Readings: Michael DeVine, Covert Action and Clandestine Activities of the Intelligence Community: Selected Definitions, 2019.
Valeriy Gerasimov, Il valore della scienza è nella previsione – Le nuove sfide fanno ripensare alle forme e metodi di guerra (27.2.2013);
Strategy
Wed Feb 19, 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Reading: Richard K. Betts, “Is Strategy an Illusion?,” International Security, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Fall 2000), pp. 5–50.
Andrea Gilli, “Net assessment: “competition is for losers”,” NDC Policy Brief, No. 9 (Rome: NATO Defense College, 2021).
Week 4
Intelligence (2/3): the Italian system. Tue Feb 25, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
Readings: Legge 124/2007; SISR, Relazione Annuale 2022; Pasqualini, Una storia dell’intelligence italiana; Copasir, Relazione sulla tutela del Sistema finanziario, novembre 2020.
Domestic Politics
Wed Feb 26 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Robert D. Putnam, “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games,” International Organization, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Summer 1988), pp. 427-460.
Week 5
NATO and Deterrence
Tue Mar 4, 18.30-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Andrea Gilli et al, “Strategic Shifts: Strategic Shifts and NATO's New Strategic Concept,” Research Paper (Rome: NATO Defense College, 2022)
Bureacracy and Intelligence
Wed Mar 5: 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Reading: Avi Kober, “The Israel defense forces in the Second Lebanon War: Why the poor performance?,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 31, No. 1 (2008): 3-40
Week 6
Defense Policy
Tue Mar 11: 18.30-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Andrea Gilli et al, “Before Vegetius: Critical Questions for European Defense,” Policy Brief (Milan: IEP-Bocconi, 2024)
Land warfare
Wed Mar 12, 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Stephen Biddle, “Speed kills? Reassessing the Role of Speed, Precision, and Situation Awareness in the Fall of Saddam,” Journal of Strategic Studies Vol. 30, No. 1 (2007), pp. 3-46
Week 7
Intelligence (2/3). Il policy support - the future of analyses Tue Mar 18, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
Readings: R. George, Intelligence, cit., cap. 5; Joseph Gartin, The future of analysis, Studies in intelligence, 201.
Cyber (1/2).
Wed Mar 19, 18.00-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
Readings: DNI, Global Trends 2035, (chapter “How people fight”, in generale ed in particolare pp. 215-221); (podcast) Intelligence matters by Michael Morrell, National Cyber Director Chris Inglis on Stemming Cyber Threats, 24.11.2021.
Week 8
Trade and Export Controls
Tue Mar 25, 18.30-20.00, Michele Savini
Zangrandi
Readings: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chain, World Development Report 2020, World Bank Chapter ; Sullivan, J. 2022. Remarks by National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan at the Special Competitive Studies Project Global Emerging Technologies Summit, Washington DC: The White House; N. Moulder, The Economic Weapon: The Rise of Sanctions as a Tool of Modern War, Yale University Press 2022, Introduction.
Cyber (2/2) Wed Mar 26, 18.00-20.00, Paolo Ciocca Reading: H. Lin, “Escalation Dynamics and Conflict Termination in Cyberspace,” Strategic Studies Quarterly, Fall 2021, vol.6. no.3.
Week 9
Political and information warfare
Tue Apr 1, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
Readings: Modern Political Warfare, Rand 2018 (chapters 1,2, 3, 6, app.A); George Kennan, The inauguration of organized political warfare, April 30 1948, Wilson Center; Slaughter and McCormick, Data is Power, Foreign Affairs 2021; C. Biancotti, P. Ciocca, Financial Markets and Social Media: Lessons From Information Security, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Air Warfare
Wed Apr 2, 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Antonio Calcara, Andrea Gilli, Mauro Gilli, Raffaele Marchetti e Ivan Zaccagnini, “The Drone Revolution in Military Affairs? A Theoretical and Empirical Assessment,” International Security (2022).
Week 10
Seapower
Tue Apr 8, 18.30-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Colin S. Gray, “Sea Power: The Great Enabler,” Naval War College Review, Vol. 47, No. 1 (WINTER 1994), pp. 18-27.
Seapower
Wed Apr 9, 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Sandro Carniel et al. “Climate Change and Military Power: Hunting for Submarines in the Warming Ocean,” Texas National Security Review (2024).
Week 11
Grand Strategy: what, why, how (1/2)
Tue Apr 15, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
George R. Intelligence in the National Security Enterprise, cit., chapter 6 (Strategic Intelligence) and chapter 8 (Intelligence Support as Policy Enabler); J. Nye, Soft Power, The evolution of a concept, Journal of Political Power 2021.
International Finance, Payments and Sanctions Wed Apr 16, 18.00-20.00, Michele Savini Zangrilli Readings: H. Farrell and A.L. Newman, Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion, International Security, 2029; Paul Bracken, Financial Warfare, Orbis, 2007; Copasir, Relazione sulla tutela del Sistema finanziario, novembre 2020.
Week 12
Grand Strategy 2/2
Tue Apr 22, 18.30-20.00, Paolo Ciocca
National Security Council Report, NSC 68, 'United States Objectives and Programs for National Security';
George F. Kennan, 'The Inauguration of Organized Political Warfare' [Redacted Version],” April 30, 1948.
Nuclear Weapons
Wed Apr 23, 18.00-20.00, Andrea Gilli
Readings: Keir A. Lieber and Daryl G. Press, “The New Era of Counterforce: Technological Change and the Future of Nuclear Deterrence,” International Security, Vol. 41, No. 4 (Spring 2017), pp. 9–49.