ADVANCED FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS
Instructional goals
This course aims to give the basic quantitative tools for the analysis and solution of optimization problems in business and the construction and selection of stock portfolios.
Prerequisites
Having followed the online course of Financial Mathematics.
Have a sufficient knowledge of Excel.
Have the basic knowledge of Probability Calculation and Basic Statistics.
Intended learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding: the student will learn the theoretical elements for a correct methodological approach to optimization problems in business and finance and for the evaluation of financial transactions in conditions of uncertainty using Microsoft Excel; he will be able to use problem-solving techniques.
Applying knowledge and understanding: the student will be able to solve real problems related to the evaluation of financial transactions in conditions of uncertainty in the economic and business environment, so as to be able to rationally choose between several alternatives and decide the best among several options. The exercises carried out during the course aim to use theoretical tools to achieve practical resolution.
Criticism of judgment: the student will be aware of the results obtained through the knowledge of the theoretical/technical procedures followed to achieve them; he/she will be able to formulate autonomous and objective judgements and will be able to recognize wrong or inefficient solutions in an economic-firm logic.
Communication skills: the student will learn to communicate in a simple, unambiguous and clear way the results achieved, even and especially if they are the result of complex procedures and also to people with different cultural backgrounds, in order to facilitate the exchange of information in an efficient way.
Learning skills: the student will be able to carry out the activities of financial evaluator in the business and economic field, making use of the lessons of theory and applications carried out in the computer lab, enriched by interactions with the teacher.
Course Contents
1. Linear optimization problems, with business applications; 2. Portfolio Models
Reference Books
BORTOT, MAGNANI, OLIVIERI, ROSSI E TORRIGIANI - Matematica Finanziaria (Monduzzi Editore - II ed. - 1998);
BENNINGA, Simon, "Financial Modeling", 4th edition, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014.
Notes from the teacher
Teaching Methods
One theoretical and practice online frontal lesson (learning by doing in presence).
Practice sessions for application of the theoretical aspects to the solution of case studies using Excel.
Assessment Method
80% of the final grade will be reserved for activities performed during the course: 25% for each of the two team works presented [Enquiry-based learning] given by the teacher and 15% for each of the two team works presented given by the students (peer to peer evaluation).
Final individual theory test on Moodle platform including (20% of the final grade).
Students are allowed to reject the grade of the final exam and of the activities carried out during the Course.
After the rejection the grade accumulated from the activities performed during the semester will be reset to zero and the student will be able to take the exam only as a "non-attendee".
The "non-attendee" examination is composed of practical exercises, one for each part of the program e two theoretical test (also in this case, one for each part of the program) on the Moodle platform.
Thesis assignment criteria
Interest in depth analysis of the topics provided by the course.
Week 1 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Introduction to the two parts of the course (Linear Programming and Portfolio Selection) and links with Strategic Management.
First Part: Operation Management in a firm: Operation Research - Linear Programming
Exercise 1 in Excel – Review of matrix operations
Week 2 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
General formulation of linear programs
Solution through an equations system
Exercise 2 in Excel: Linear Programming - Construction of general patterns of allocation and analytical representation of linear programming problems. Matrix representation of linear programming problems
Week 3 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Solution tools of Linear Programming
- Graphical solution
Exercise 3 in Excel: Application of Linear Programming to Production Management and Human Resources in business.
Week 4 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Solution tools of Linear Programming
- Simplex Method
Exercise 4 in Excel: Application of Linear Programming to Financial and Inventory Management in business.
Week 5 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Linear programming problems in canonical form
Construction and meaning of a dual linear programming problem
Exercise 5: Presentation and discussion of first teamwork on a practical business application of Linear Programming. Peer to peer evaluation. Selection of the best project presented.
Week 6 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Second part: Construction and selection of a risk portfolio.
Assets yields
Bond and equity returns.
Use of historical returns
Exercise 6 with Excel:
Returns calculation
Risk indicators: Variance, standard deviation
Week 7 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Probabilistic approach of returns calculation -mean value and standard deviation
Mean and risk indicators in probabilistic approach.
Exercise 7 with Excel:
Covariance and correlation
Construction of a portfolio of risk assets and computing of Mean and Variance of a Portfolio
Week 8 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Mean- variance criterion: “maximization of return and minimization of variance”
Exercise 8 with Excel:
Analytic representation and resolution of the problem of minimizing the risk of the portfolio for fixed values of an expected return;
Analytical representation and resolution of the problem of maximizing the expected return of the portfolio for fixed values of risk.
Week 9 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Importance of Diversification for a Portfolio of risk assets
Minimum Variance Portfolio “Diversification”
Exercise 9 with Excel: construction of portfolios with minimum variance or maximum returns. Measure of diversification
Week 10 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Frontier and Efficient Frontier
Introduction of a risk-free bond
Exercise 10 with Excel:
Construction of an efficient frontier with a risk-free bond
Week 11 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Other portfolio models:
The Single Index Model
Exercise 11 with Excel:
Construction of an efficient frontier with Single Index Model
Week 12 Contenuto sessioni on line e on campus
Other portfolio models: CAPM
Hypothesis of CAPM
Security Market Line
Construction of a risk assets portfolio with Artificial Intelligence.
Exercise 12: Presentation and discussion of second teamwork on a practical construction and selection of a real portfolio of risk assets. Peer to peer evaluation. Selection of the best project presented.